The 2002 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ recently, many of these troops have been redeployed back to Burundi to deal with periodic upsurges in rebel activity. A new transitional government, inaugurated on 1 November 2001, was to be the first step towards holding national elections in three years. However, the unwillingness of the Hutu rebels to enact a cease fire with Bujumbura continues to obstruct prospects for a sustainable peace.

      Geography Burundi

      Location: Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo

      Geographic coordinates: 3 30 S, 30 00 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area: total: 27,830 sq km water: 2,180 sq km land: 25,650 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Maryland

      Land boundaries: total: 974 km border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km

      Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

      Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

      Climate: equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; wet seasons from February to May and September to November, and dry seasons from June to August and December to January

      Terrain: hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m highest point:

       Mount Heha 2,670 m

      Natural resources: nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not yet exploited), vanadium, arable land, hydropower

      Land use: arable land: 30% permanent crops: 13% other: 57% (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land: 740 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards: flooding, landslides, drought

      Environment - current issues: soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity,

       Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification,

       Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed,

       but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban

      Geography - note: landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera, which drains into Lake Victoria, is the most remote headstream of the White Nile

      People Burundi

      Population: 6,373,002 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)

      Age structure: 0-14 years: 46.5% (male 1,497,865; female 1,466,455) 15-64 years: 50.7% (male 1,592,253; female 1,640,254) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 71,915; female 104,260) (2002 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.36% (2002 est.)

      Birth rate: 39.87 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Death rate: 16.3 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 69.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: 46.83 years (2002 est.) male: Total fertility rate: 6.07 children born/woman (2002 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 11.32% (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 360,000 (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths: 39,000 (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Burundian(s) adjective: Burundi

      Ethnic groups: Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%,

       Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000

      Religions: Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10%

      Languages: Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake

       Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area)

      Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 35.3% male: 49.3% female: 22.5% (1995 est.)

      Government Burundi

      Country name: Republic of Burundi conventional short form: former:

       Urundi

      Government type: republic

      Capital: Bujumbura

      Administrative divisions: 16 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi,

       Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya,

       Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi

      Independence: 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)

      National holiday: Independence Day, 1 July (1962)

      Constitution: 13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by a Transitional Constitution which enlarged the National Assembly and created two vice presidents

      Legal system: based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage: NA years of age; universal adult

      Executive branch: chief of state: President Pierre BUYOYA (a Tutsi, was sworn in as president of a transition government on 1 November 2001; he is scheduled to hold office for 18 months before transferring power to his vice president, a Hutu); Vice President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 1 November 2001) head of government: President Pierre BUYOYA (a Tutsi, was sworn in as president of a transition government on 1 November 2001; he is scheduled to hold office for 18 months before transferring power to his vice president, a Hutu); Vice President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 1 November 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president elections: NA; current president assumed power following a coup on 25 July 1996 in which former President NTIBANTUNGANYA was overthrown

      Legislative branch: bicameral, consists of a National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (expanded from 121 to approximately 140 seats СКАЧАТЬ