The 2002 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea,

       Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer

       Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94,

       Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

      Geography - note: world's smallest continent but sixth-largest country; population concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts; regular, tropical, invigorating, sea breeze known as "the Doctor" occurs along the west coast in the summer

      People Australia

      Population: 19,546,792 (July 2002 est.)

      Age structure: 0-14 years: 20.4% (male 2,046,052; female 1,949,725) 15-64 years: 67% (male 6,610,840; female 6,480,354) 65 years and over: 12.6% (male 1,078,506; female 1,381,315) (2002 est.)

      Population growth rate: 0.96% (2002 est.)

      Birth rate: 12.71 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Death rate: 7.25 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Net migration rate: 4.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 4.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 80 years female: 83 years (2002 est.) male: 77.15 years

      Total fertility rate: 1.77 children born/woman (2002 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.15% (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 14,000 (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths: 100 (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Australian(s) adjective: Australian

      Ethnic groups: Caucasian 92%, Asian 7%, aboriginal and other 1%

      Religions: Anglican 26.1%, Roman Catholic 26%, other Christian 24.3%, non-Christian 11%, other 12.6%

      Languages: English, native languages

      Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100% (1980 est.)

      Government Australia

      Country name: conventional long form: Commonwealth of Australia conventional short form: Australia

      Government type: democratic, federal-state system recognizing the

       British monarch as sovereign

      Capital: Canberra

      Administrative divisions: 6 states and 2 territories*; Australian

       Capital Territory*, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland,

       South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

      Dependent areas: Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos

       (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands,

       Norfolk Island

      Independence: 1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies)

      National holiday: Australia Day, 26 January (1788)

      Constitution: 9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901

      Legal system: based on English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

      Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Rt. Rev. Dr. Peter HOLLINGWORTH (since 29 June 2001) head of government: Prime Minister John Winston HOWARD (since 11 March 1996); Deputy Prime Minister John ANDERSON (since 20 July 1999) cabinet: Cabinet Parliament nominates, from among its members, a list of candidates to serve as government ministers; from this list, the governor general makes the final selections for the Cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general for a three-year term note: government coalition - Liberal Party and National Party

      Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Parliament consists of the Senate (76 seats - 12 from each of the six states and two from each of the two mainland territories; one-half of the members elected every three years by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and the House of Representatives (150 seats - this is up from 148 seats in 2001 election; members elected by popular vote on the basis of preferential representation to serve three-year terms; no state can have fewer than five representatives) elections: Senate - last held 10 November 2001 (next to be held by November 2004); House of Representatives - last held 10 November 2001 (next to be held by November 2004) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Liberal Party-National Party coalition 35, Australian Labor Party 28, Australian Democrats 8, Green Party 2, One Nation Party 1, Country Labor Party 1, independent 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Liberal Party-National Party coalition 82, Australian Labor Party 65, independent and other 3

      Judicial branch: High Court (the chief justice and six other justices are appointed by the governor general)

      Political parties and leaders: Australian Democrats [Natasha

       STOTT-DESPOJA]; Australian Labor Party [Simon CREAN]; Country Labor Party

       [leader NA]; Green Party [Bob BROWN]; Liberal Party [John Winston HOWARD];

       National Party [John ANDERSON]; One Nation Party [leader NA]

      Political pressure groups and leaders: Australian Democratic Labor Party (anti-Communist Labor Party splinter group); Australian Monarchist League [leader NA]; Australian Republican Movement [leader NA]

      International organization participation: ANZUS, APEC, ARF (dialogue

       partner), AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CCC,

       CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD,

       IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest),

       NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, PCA, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR,

       UNMEE, UNTAET, UNTSO, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC

      Diplomatic representation in the US: Ambassador Michael J. THAWLEY consulate(s) general: FAX: [1] (202) 797-3168 telephone: [1] (202) 797-3000 chancery: 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

      Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador

       J. Thomas SCHIEFFER embassy: Moonah Place, Yarralumla, Canberra,

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