The 2002 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ name: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Government type: parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its heads of state a coprincipality; the two princes are the president of France and bishop of Seo de Urgel, Spain, who are represented locally by coprinces' representatives

      Capital: Andorra la Vella

      Administrative divisions: 7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia);

       Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany,

       Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria

      Independence: 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of France and Spain)

      National holiday: Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)

      Constitution: Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993

      Legal system: based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch: chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Frederic de SAINT-SERNIN (since NA); Spanish Coprince Episcopal Monseigneur Joan MARTI Alanis (since 31 January 1971), represented by Nemesi MARQUES OSTE (since NA) elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA% cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994)

      Legislative branch: unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 46.1%, PSD 30%, PD 23.8%, other 0.1%; seats by party - PLA 15, PSD 6, PD 5, independents 2

      Judicial branch: Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of

       the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or

       Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or

       Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal;

       Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional

      Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party or PD (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Marc Forne MOLNE] (used to be Liberal Union or UL); National Democratic Initiative or IDN [Vincenc MATEU Zamora]; New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU Cassany]; Social Democratic Party or PSD (formerly part of National Democratic Group of AND) [leader NA]; Union of the People of Ordino (Unio Parroquial d'Ordino) or UPO [Simo DURO Coma] note: there are two other small parties

      Political pressure groups and leaders: NA

      International organization participation: CCC, CE, ECE, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OSCE, UN, UNESCO, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer)

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630 telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064

      Diplomatic representation from the US: the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: 280-2227; FAX: (3493) 205-7705

      Flag description: three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem

      Economy Andorra

      Economy - overview: Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.

      GDP: purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate: 3.8% (2000 est.)

      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $19,000 (2000 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%

      Population below poverty line: NA%

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.3% (2000)

      Labor force: 33,000 (2001 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)

      Unemployment rate: 0%

      Budget: revenues: $385 million expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)

      Industries: tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, tobacco, banking

      Industrial production growth rate: NA%

      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: NA% other: NA% nuclear:

       NA% hydro: NA%

      Electricity - consumption: NA kWh

      Electricity - exports: NA kWh

      Electricity - imports: NA kWh note: most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower

      Agriculture - products: small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep

      Exports: $58 million (f.o.b., 1998)

      Exports - commodities: tobacco products, furniture

      Exports - partners: France 34%, Spain 58% (1998)

      Imports: $1.077 billion (c.i.f., 1998)

      Imports - commodities: consumer goods, food, electricity

      Imports - partners: Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (1998)

      Debt - external: $NA

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