The 1994 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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       Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km

       Coastline:

       0 km (landlocked)

       Maritime claims:

       none; landlocked

       International disputes:

       periodic disputes with Iran over Helmand water rights; Iran supports

       clients in country, private Pakistani and Saudi sources also are

       active; power struggles among various groups for control of Kabul,

       regional rivalries among emerging warlords, traditional tribal

       disputes continue; support to Islamic fighters in Tajikistan's civil

       war; border dispute with Pakistan (Durand Line); support to Islamic

       militants worldwide by some factions

       Climate:

       arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers

       Terrain:

       mostly rugged mountains; plains in north and southwest

       Natural resources:

       natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, talc, barites, sulphur, lead,

       zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semiprecious stones

       Land use:

       arable land:

       12%

       permanent crops:

       0%

       meadows and pastures:

       46%

       forest and woodland:

       3%

       other:

       39%

       Irrigated land:

       26,600 sq km (1989 est.)

       Environment:

       current issues:

       soil degradation; overgrazing; deforestation (much of the remaining

       forests are being cut down for fuel and building materials);

       desertification

       natural hazards:

       damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains (one measured 6.8

       on the Richter scale in 1991); flooding

       international agreements:

       party to - Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine

       Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity,

       Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life

       Conservation

       Note:

       landlocked

      @Afghanistan, People

      Population:

       16,903,400 (July 1994 est.)

       Population growth rate:

       2.45% (1994 est.)

       Birth rate:

       43.46 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)

       Death rate:

       18.94 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)

       Net migration rate:

       0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)

       Infant mortality rate:

       155.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)

       Life expectancy at birth:

       total population:

       44.89 years

       male:

       45.53 years

       female:

       44.21 years (1994 est.)

       Total fertility rate:

       6.27 children born/woman (1994 est.)

       Nationality:

       noun:

       Afghan(s)

       adjective:

       Afghan

       Ethnic divisions:

       Pashtun 38%, Tajik 25%, Uzbek 6%, Hazara 19%, minor ethnic groups

       (Chahar Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others)

       Religions:

       Sunni Muslim 84%, Shi'a Muslim 15%, other 1%

       Languages:

       Pashtu 35%, Afghan Persian (Dari) 50%, Turkic languages (primarily

       Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and

       Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism

       Literacy:

       age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)

       total population:

       29%

       male:

       44%

       female:

       14%

       Labor force:

       4.98 million

       by occupation:

       agriculture and animal husbandry 67.8%, industry 10.2%, construction

       6.3%, commerce 5.0%, services and other 10.7% (1980 est.)

      @Afghanistan, Government

      Names: conventional long form: Islamic State of Afghanistan conventional short form: Afghanistan local long form: Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan local short form: Afghanestan former: Republic of Afghanistan Digraph: AF Type: transitional government Capital: Kabul Administrative divisions: 30 provinces (velayat, singular - velayat); Badakhshan, Badghis, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamian, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghowr, Helmand, Herat, Jowzjan, Kabol, Kandahar, Kapisa, Konar, Kondoz, Laghman, Lowgar, Nangarhar, Nimruz, Oruzgan, Paktia, Paktika, Parvan, СКАЧАТЬ