The 1991 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ of Australia is used

      _*Economy #_Overview: Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Copra and fresh coconuts are the major export earners. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia.

      _#_GDP: $NA, per capita $NA; real growth rate NA%

      _#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%

      _#_Unemployment: NA

      _#_Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

      _#_Exports: $NA;

      commodities—copra;

      partners—Australia

      _#_Imports: $NA;

      commodities—foodstuffs;

      partners—Australia

      _#_External debt: $NA

      _#_Industrial production: growth rate NA%

      _#_Electricity: 1,000 kW capacity; 2 million kWh produced, 2,980 kWh per capita (1990)

      _#_Industries: copra products

      _#_Agriculture: gardens provide vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts

      _#_Economic aid: none

      _#_Currency: Australian dollar (plural—dollars); 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents

      _#_Exchange rates: Australian dollars ($A) per US$1—1.2834 (January 1991), 1.2799 (1990), 1.2618 (1989), 1.2752 (1988), 1.4267 (1987), 1.4905 (1986), 1.4269 (1985)

      _#_Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June

      _*Communications #_Ports: none; lagoon anchorage only

      _#_Airports: 1 airfield with permanent-surface runway, 1,220–2,439 m; airport on West Island is a link in service between Australia and South Africa

      _#_Telecommunications: 250 radios (1985); linked by telephone, telex, and facsimile communications via satellite with Australia; stations—1 AM, no FM, no TV

      _*Defense Forces #Note: defense is the responsibility of Australia % @Colombia *Geography #_Total area: 1,138,910 km2; land area: 1,038,700 km2; includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, Serrana Bank, and Serranilla Bank

      _#_Comparative area: slightly less than three times the size of Montana

      _#_Land boundaries: 7,408 km total; Brazil 1,643 km, Ecuador 590 km, Panama 225 km, Peru 2,900, Venezuela 2,050 km

      _#_Coastline: 3,208 km total (1,448 km North Pacific Ocean; 1,760 Caribbean Sea)

      _#_Maritime claims:

      Continental shelf: not specified;

      Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;

      Territorial sea: 12 nm

      _#_Disputes: maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela; territorial dispute with Nicaragua over Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank

      _#_Climate: tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands

      _#_Terrain: mixture of flat coastal lowlands, plains in east, central highlands, some high mountains

      _#_Natural resources: crude oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds

      _#_Land use: arable land 4%; permanent crops 2%; meadows and pastures 29%; forest and woodland 49%; other 16%; includes irrigated NEGL%

      _#_Environment: highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; deforestation; soil damage from overuse of pesticides; periodic droughts

      _#_Note: only South American country with coastlines on both North Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea

      _*People #_Population: 33,777,550 (July 1991), growth rate 2.1% (1991)

      _#_Birth rate: 26 births/1,000 population (1991)

      _#_Death rate: 5 deaths/1,000 population (1991)

      _#_Net migration rate: NEGL migrants/1,000 population (1991)

      _#_Infant mortality rate: 37 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)

      _#_Life expectancy at birth: 68 years male, 74 years female (1991)

      _#_Total fertility rate: 2.8 children born/woman (1991)

      _#_Nationality: noun—Colombian(s); adjective—Colombian

      _#_Ethnic divisions: mestizo 58%, white 20%, mulatto 14%, black 4%, mixed black-Indian 3%, Indian 1%

      _#_Religion: Roman Catholic 95%

      _#_Language: Spanish

      _#_Literacy: 87% (male 88%, female 86%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)

      _#_Labor force: 11,000,000 (1986); services 53%, agriculture 26%, industry 21% (1981)

      _#_Organized labor: 1,400,000 members (1987), about 12% of labor force; the Communist-backed Unitary Workers Central or CUT is the largest labor organization, with about 725,000 members (including all affiliate unions)

      _*Government #_Long-form name: Republic of Colombia

      _#_Type: republic; executive branch dominates government structure

      _#_Capital: Bogota

      _#_Administrative divisions: 23 departments (departamentos, singular—departamento), 5 commissariats* (comisarias, singular—comisaria), and 4 intendancies** (intendencias, singular—intendencia); Amazonas*, Antioquia, Arauca**, Atlantico, Bolivar, Boyaca, Caldas, Caqueta, Casanare**, Cauca, Cesar, Choco, Cordoba, Cundinamarca, Guainia*, Guaviare*, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Narino, Norte de Santander, Putumayo**, Quindio, Risaralda, San Andres y Providencia**, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle del Cauca, Vaupes*, Vichada*; note—there may be a new special district (distrito especial) named Bogota; the Constitution of 5 July 1991 states that the commissariats and intendancies are to become full departments and a capital district (distrito capital) of Santa Fe de Bogota is to be established by 1997

      _#_Independence: 20 July 1810 (from Spain)

      _#_Constitution: 5 July 1991

      _#_Legal system: based on Spanish law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

      _#_National holiday: Independence Day, 20 July (1810)

      _#_Executive branch: president, presidential designate, Cabinet

      _#_Legislative branch: bicameral Congress (Congreso) consists of a nationally elected upper chamber or Senate (Senado) and a regionally elected lower chamber or Chamber of Representatives (Camara de Representantes)

      _#_Judicial СКАЧАТЬ