The 1991 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials, including several Supreme Court justices; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      _#_National holiday: Anniversary of the Revolution, 1 November (1954)

      _#_Executive branch: president, prime minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)

      _#_Legislative branch: unicameral National People's Assembly (Al-Majlis Ech-Chaabi Al-Watani)

      _#_Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)

      _#_Leaders:

      Chief of State—President Chadli BENDJEDID (since 7 February 1979);

      Head of Government—Prime Minister Sid Ahmed GHOZALI (since 6 June 1991)

      _#_Political parties and leaders: National Liberation Front (FLN), Chadli BENDJEDID, president; Islamic Salvation Front (FIS), Abassi MADANI; the government established a multiparty system in September 1989 and as of 31 December 1990 over 30 legal parties existed

      _#_Suffrage: universal at age 18

      _#_Elections:

      President—last held on 22 December 1988 (next to be held December 1993); results—President BENDJEDID was reelected without opposition;

      National People's Assembly—last held on 26 February 1987 (next were to be held 27 June 1991 but postponed indefinitely because of civil unrest); results—FLN was the only party; seats—(281 total) FLN 281; note—the government held multiparty elections (municipal and wilaya) in June 1990, the first in Algerian history; results—FIS 55%, FLN 27.5%, other 17.5%, with 65% of the voters participating

      _#_Communists: 400 (est.); Communist party banned 1962

      _#_Member of: ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, AMU, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OAU, OIC, OPEC, UN, UNAVEM, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

      _#_Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Abderrahmane BENSID; Chancery at 2118 Kalorama Road NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone (202) 328–5300;

      US—Ambassador Christopher W. S. ROSS; Embassy at 4 Chemin Cheich

       Bachir El-Ibrahimi, Algiers (mailing address is B. P. Box 549,

       Alger-Gare, 16000 Algiers); telephone [213] (2) 601–425 or 255, 186;

       there is a US Consulate in Oran

      _#_Flag: two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white with a red five-pointed star within a red crescent; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam (the state religion)

      _*Economy #_Overview: The exploitation of oil and natural gas products forms the backbone of the economy. Algeria depends on hydrocarbons for nearly all of its export receipts, about 30% of government revenues, and nearly 25% of GDP. In 1973–74 the sharp increase in oil prices led to a booming economy and helped to finance an ambitious program of industrialization. Plunging oil and gas prices, combined with the mismanagement of Algeria's highly centralized economy, have brought the nation to its most serious social and economic crisis since independence. The government has promised far-reaching reforms, including giving public-sector companies more autonomy, encouraging private-sector activity, boosting gas and nonhydrocarbon exports, and proposing a major overhaul of the banking and financial systems, but to date has made little progress.

      _#_GDP: $54 billion, per capita $2,130; real growth rate 2.5% (1990 est.)

      _#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 16.6% (1990)

      _#_Unemployment rate: 26% (1990 est.)

      _#_Budget: revenues $16.7 billion; expenditures $17.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $6.6 billion (1990 est.)

      _#_Exports: $10.2 billion (f.o.b., 1990 est.);

      commodities—petroleum and natural gas 98%;

      partners—Netherlands, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Italy, France, US

      _#_Imports: $9.2 billion (f.o.b., 1990 est.);

      commodities—capital goods 29%, consumer goods 30%;

      partners—France 25%, Italy 8%, FRG 8%, US 6–7%

      _#_External debt: $26.6 billion (December 1990)

      _#_Industrial production: growth rate −3% (1989 est.); accounts for 30% of GDP, including petroleum

      _#_Electricity: 5,156,000 kW capacity; 14,900 million kWh produced, 580 kWh per capita (1990)

      _#_Industries: petroleum, light industries, natural gas, mining, electrical, petrochemical, food processing

      _#_Agriculture: accounts for 11% of GDP and employs 24% of labor force; net importer of food—grain, vegetable oil, and sugar; farm production includes wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives, citrus, fruits, sheep,and cattle

      _#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70–85), $1.4 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970–88), $8.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979–89), $1.8 billion; Communist countries (1970–89), $2.7 billion

      _#_Currency: Algerian dinar (plural—dinars); 1 Algerian dinar (DA) = 100 centimes

      _#_Exchange rates: Algerian dinars (DA) per US$1—13.581 (January 1991), 8.958 (1990), 7.6086 (1989), 5.9148 (1988), 4.8497 (1987), 4.7023 (1986), 5.0278 (1985)

      _#_Fiscal year: calendar year

      _*Communications #_Railroads: 4,146 km total; 2,632 km standard gauge (1.435 m), 1,258 km 1.055-meter gauge, 256 km 1.000-meter gauge; 300 km electrified; 215 km double track

      _#_Highways: 80,000 km total; 60,000 km concrete or bituminous, 20,000 km gravel, crushed stone, unimproved earth

      _#_Pipelines: crude oil, 6,612 km; refined products, 298 km; natural gas, 2,948 km

      _#_Ports: Algiers, Annaba, Arzew, Bejaia, Jijel, Mers el Kebir, Mostaganem, Oran, Skikda

      _#_Merchant marine: 75 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 903,179 GRT/1,063,994 DWT; includes 5 short-sea passenger, 27 cargo, 2 vehicle carrier, 10 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 5 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 9 liquefied gas, 7 chemical tanker, 9 bulk, 1 specialized tanker

      _#_Civil air: 42 major transport aircraft

      _#_Airports: 145 total, 134 usable; 53 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways over 3,659 m; 30 with runways 2,440–3,659 m; 66 with runways 1,220–2,439 m

      _#_Telecommunications: excellent domestic and international service in the north, sparse in the south; 693,000 telephones; stations—26 AM, no FM, 113 TV; 1,550,000 TV sets; 3,500,000 receiver sets; 6 submarine cables; coaxial cable or radio relay to Italy, France, Spain, Morocco, and Tunisia; satellite earth stations—1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT, 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 1 Intersputnik, 1 ARABSAT, and 15 domestic

      _*Defense Forces #_Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Territorial Air Defense, National Gendarmerie

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