The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       Oslo II Accord and the 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum; GIA has

       been largely closed since October 2000 by Israeli orders and its

       runway was destroyed by the Israeli Defense Forces in December 2001

       (2003 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways:

       total: 1

       over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

       total: 1

       under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)

      Heliports:

       1 (2003 est.)

      Military Gaza Strip

      Military branches:

       in accordance with the peace agreement, the Palestinian Authority

       is not permitted conventional military forces; there are, however, a

       Public Security Force and a civil Police Force

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       NA

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       NA

      Transnational Issues Gaza Strip

      Disputes - international:

       West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with current status

       subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent

       status to be determined through further negotiation

      Refugees and internally displaced persons:

       refugees (country of origin): 922,674 (Palestinian Refugees

       (UNRWA)) (2004)

      This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Georgia

      Introduction Georgia

      Background:

       The region of present-day Georgia contained the ancient kingdoms of

       Colchis and Kartli-Iberia. The area came under Roman influence in

       the first centuries AD and Christianity became the state religion in

       the 330s. Domination by Persians, Arabs, and Turks was followed by a

       Georgian golden age (11th to the 13th centuries) that was cut short

       by the Mongol invasion of 1236. Subsequently, the Ottoman and

       Persian empires competed for influence in the region. Georgia was

       absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent

       for three years (1918–1921) following the Russian revolution, it was

       forcibly incorporated into the USSR until the Soviet Union dissolved

       in 1991. Despite myriad problems, some progress on market reforms

       and democratization has been made since then. An attempt by the

       government to manipulate legislative elections in November 2003

       touched off widespread protests that led to the resignation of

       Eduard SHEVARDNADZE, president since 1995. New elections in early

       2004 swept Mikheil SAAKASHVILI into power along with his National

       Movement Party.

      Geography Georgia

      Location:

       Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and

       Russia

      Geographic coordinates:

       42 00 N, 43 30 E

      Map references:

       Asia

      Area:

       total: 69,700 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

       land: 69,700 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly smaller than South Carolina

      Land boundaries:

       total: 1,461 km

       border countries: Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km,

       Turkey 252 km

      Coastline:

       310 km

      Maritime claims:

       No data available

      Climate:

       warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast

      Terrain:

       largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and

       Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida

       Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in

       the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of

       Kolkhida Lowland

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Black Sea 0 m

       highest point: Mt'a Shkhara 5,201 m

      Natural resources:

       forests, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, minor

       coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important

       tea and citrus growth

      Land use:

       arable land: 11.44%

       permanent crops: 3.86%

       other: 84.7% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       4,700 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       СКАЧАТЬ