The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ status: territory of Australia; administered from

       Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport and Territories

      Legal system: the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply

      Executive branch: administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport and Territories

      Diplomatic representation in the US: none (territory of Australia)

      Diplomatic representation from the US: none (territory of

       Australia)

      Flag description: the flag of Australia is used

      Economy

      Economy—overview: no economic activity

      Communications

      Communications—note: there are automatic weather relay stations on many of the isles and reefs relaying data to the mainland

      Transportation

      Ports and harbors: none; offshore anchorage only

      Military

      Military—note: defense is the responsibility of Australia; visited regularly by the Royal Australian Navy; Australia has control over the activities of visitors

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes—international: none

      ======================================================================

      @Costa Rica—————

      Introduction

      Background: Costa Rica declared its independence from Spain in 1821. After a turbulent beginning it inaugurated an era of peaceful democracy in 1889, subsequently interrupted only twice, by a dictatorial interlude in 1917–19 and an armed uprising in 1948. Increasing the role of the private sector while maintaining the government's social safety net and keeping under control the budget deficit, unemployment, and inflation are key current issues.

      Geography

      Location: Middle America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Nicaragua and Panama

      Geographic coordinates: 10 00 N, 84 00 W

      Map references: Central America and the Caribbean

      Area:

       total: 51,100 sq km

       land: 50,660 sq km

       water: 440 sq km

       note: includes Isla del Coco

      Area—comparative: slightly smaller than West Virginia

      Land boundaries: total: 639 km border countries: Nicaragua 309 km, Panama 330 km

      Coastline: 1,290 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm

      Climate: tropical; dry season (December to April); rainy season

       (May to November)

      Terrain: coastal plains separated by rugged mountains

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Cerro Chirripo 3,810 m

      Natural resources: hydropower

      Land use:

       arable land: 6%

       permanent crops: 5%

       permanent pastures: 46%

       forests and woodland: 31%

       other: 12% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 1,200 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: occasional earthquakes, hurricanes along Atlantic coast; frequent flooding of lowlands at onset of rainy season; active volcanoes

      Environment—current issues: deforestation, largely a result of

       the clearing of land for cattle ranching; soil erosion

      Environment—international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered

       Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the

       Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection,

       Wetlands, Whaling

       signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life

       Conservation

      People

      Population: 3,674,490 (July 1999 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 33% (male 622,260; female 593,720)

       15–64 years: 62% (male 1,150,900; female 1,121,970)

       65 years and over: 5% (male 85,526; female 100,114) (1999 est.)

      Population growth rate: 1.89% (1999 est.)

      Birth rate: 22.46 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Death rate: 4.16 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Net migration rate: 0.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female

       total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 12.89 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 76.04 years male: 73.6 years female: 78.61 years (1999 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 2.76 children born/woman (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Costa Rican(s) adjective: Costa Rican

      Ethnic groups: white (including mestizo) 96%, black 2%,

       Amerindian 1%, Chinese 1%

      Religions: Roman Catholic 95%

      Languages: Spanish (official), English spoken around Puerto Limon

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

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