The 1990 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ year: calendar year

      - Communications

       Highways: 96 km

      Telecommunications: international digital microwave network; international landline circuits to France and Spain; stations—1 AM, no FM, no TV; 17,700 telephones

      - Defense Forces

       Note: defense is the responsibility of France and Spain

      ——————————————————————————

       Country: Angola

       - Geography

       Total area: 1,246,700 km2; land area: 1,246,700 km2

      Comparative area: slightly less than twice the size of Texas

      Land boundaries: 5,198 km total; Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km,

       Zaire 2,511 km, Zambia 1,110 km

      Coastline: 1,600 km

      Maritime claims:

      Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm;

      Territorial sea: 20 nm

      Disputes: civil war since independence on 11 November 1975

      Climate: semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)

      Terrain: narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau

      Natural resources: petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium

      Land use: 2% arable land; NEGL% permanent crops; 23% meadows and pastures; 43% forest and woodland; 32% other

      Environment: locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on plateau; desertification

      Note: Cabinda is separated from rest of country by Zaire

      - People

       Population: 8,534,483 (July 1990), growth rate 2.9% (1990)

      Birth rate: 47 births/1,000 population (1990)

      Death rate: 20 deaths/1,000 population (1990)

      Net migration rate: 2 migrants/1,000 population (1990)

      Infant mortality rate: 158 deaths/1,000 live births (1990)

      Life expectancy at birth: 42 years male, 46 years female (1990)

      Total fertility rate: 6.7 children born/woman (1990)

      Nationality: noun—Angolan(s); adjective—Angolan

      Ethnic divisions: 37% Ovimbundu, 25% Kimbundu, 13% Bakongo, 2% Mestico, 1% European

      Religion: 47% indigenous beliefs, 38% Roman Catholic, 15% Protestant (est.)

      Language: Portuguese (official); various Bantu dialects

      Literacy: 41%

      Labor force: 2,783,000 economically active; 85% agriculture, 15% industry (1985 est.)

      Organized labor: about 450,695 (1980)

      - Government

       Long-form name: People's Republic of Angola

      Type: Marxist people's republic

      Capital: Luanda

      Administrative divisions: 18 provinces (provincias,

       singular—provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cuando Cubango,

       Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte,

       Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire

      Independence: 11 November 1975 (from Portugal)

      Constitution: 11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978 and 11 August 1980

      Legal system: based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law, but being modified along socialist lines

      National holiday: Independence Day, 11 November (1975)

      Executive branch: president, chairman of the Council of Ministers,

       Council of Ministers (cabinet)

      Legislative branch: unicameral National People's Assembly

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Tribunal da Relacao)

      Leaders:

       Chief of State and Head of Government—President Jose Eduardo dos

       SANTOS (since 21 September 1979)

      Political parties and leaders: only party—Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola-Labor Party (MPLA-Labor Party), Jose Eduardo dos Santos; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), lost to the MPLA with Cuban military support in immediate postindependence struggle, now carrying out insurgency

      Suffrage: universal adult at age NA

      Elections: none held to date

      Member of: ACP, AfDB, CCC, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), ICAO, IFAD, ILO,

       IMO, INTELSAT, ITU, NAM, OAU, SADCC, UN, UNESCO, UNICEF, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO

      Diplomatic representation: none

      Flag: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)

      - Economy Overview: Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 80–90% of the population, but accounts for only 10–20% of GDP. Oil production is the most lucrative sector of the economy, contributing about 50% to GDP. In recent years, however, the impact of fighting an internal war has severely affected the economy and food has to be imported.

      GDP: $5.0 billion, per capita $600; real growth rate 9.2% (1988 est.)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): NA%

      Unemployment rate: NA%

      Budget: revenues NA; expenditures $2.7 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (1986 est.)

      Exports: $2.9 billion (f.o.b., 1989 est.); commodities—oil, coffee, diamonds, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton; partners—US, USSR, Cuba, Portugal, Brazil

      Imports: $2.5 billion (f.o.b., 1989 est.); commodities—capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), food, vehicles and spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines; substantial military deliveries; partners—US, USSR, Cuba, Portugal, Brazil

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