The 2010 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ to serve five-year terms)

      elections: Senate - last held on 21 September 2008 (next to be held in September 2014); National Assembly - last held on 10 and 17 June 2007 (next to be held in June 2012)

      election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 151, PS 102, PCF 22, MoDem 11, NC 11, Greens 5, PG 2, other 39; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - UMP 46.4%, PS 42.2%, miscellaneous left wing parties 2.5%, PCF 2.3%, NC 2.1%, PRG 1.6%, miscellaneous right wing parties 1.2%, the Greens 0.4%, other 1.2%; seats by party - UMP 313, PS 186, NC 22, miscellaneous left wing parties 15, PCF 16, miscellaneous right wing parties 9, PRG 7, the Greens 3, other 6

      Judicial branch:

      Supreme Court of Appeals or Cour de Cassation (judges are appointed by the president from nominations of the High Council of the Judiciary); Constitutional Council or Conseil Constitutionnel (three members appointed by the president, three appointed by the president of the National Assembly, and three appointed by the president of the Senate); Council of State or Conseil d'Etat

      Political parties and leaders:

      Democratic Movement or MoDem [Francois BAYROU] (previously Union for

       French Democracy or UDF); French Communist Party or PCF [Pierre

       LAURENT]; Greens [Cecile DUFLOT]; Left Party or PG [Jean-Luc

       MELENCHON]; Left Radical Party or PRG [Jean-Michel BAYLET]

       (previously Radical Socialist Party or PRS and the Left Radical

       Movement or MRG); Movement for France or MPF [Philippe DE VILLIERS];

       National Front or FN [Jean-Marie LE PEN]; New Anticapitalist Party

       or NPA [Olivier BESANCENOT]; New Center or NC [Herve MORIN]; Radical

       Party [Jean-Louis BORLOO]; Rally for France or RPF [Charles PASQUA];

       Republican and Citizen Movement or MRC [Jean Pierre CHEVENEMENT];

       Socialist Party or PS [Martine AUBRY]; Union for a Popular Movement

       or UMP [Jean-Francois COPE]; Worker's Struggle or LO [Nathalie

       ARTHAUD]

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

      Confederation francaise democratique du travail or CFDT, left-leaning labor union with approximately 803,000 members; Confederation francaise de l'encadrement - Confederation generale des cadres or CFE-CGC, independent white-collar union with 196,000 members; Confederation francaise des travailleurs chretiens of CFTC, independent labor union founded by Catholic workers that claims 132,000 members; Confederation generale du travail or CGT, historically communist labor union with approximately 700,000 members; Confederation generale du travail - Force ouvriere or FO, independent labor union with an estimated 300,000 members; Mouvement des entreprises de France or MEDEF, employers' union with 750,000 companies as members (claimed)

      French Guiana: conservationists; gold mining pressure groups; hunting pressure groups

      Guadeloupe: Christian Movement for the Liberation of Guadeloupe or

       KLPG; General Federation of Guadeloupe Workers or CGT-G; General

       Union of Guadeloupe Workers or UGTG; Movement for an Independent

       Guadeloupe or MPGI; The Socialist Renewal Movement

      Martinique: Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP

      Reunion: NA

      International organization participation:

      ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BDEAC, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, FZ, G-20, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), Schengen Convention, SECI (observer), SPC, UN, UN Security Council, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, Union Latina, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

      chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant)

      chancery: 4101 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007

      telephone: [1] (202) 944–6000

      FAX: [1] (202) 944–6166

      consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

      chief of mission: Ambassador Charles H. RIVKIN

      embassy: 2 Avenue Gabriel, 75382 Paris Cedex 08

      mailing address: PSC 116, APO AE 09777

      telephone: [33] (1) 43–12-22–22

      FAX: [33] (1) 42 66 97 83

      consulate(s) general: Marseille, Strasbourg

      Flag description:

      three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), white, and red; known as the "Le drapeau tricolore" (French Tricolor), the origin of the flag dates to 1790 and the French Revolution when the "ancient French color" of white was combined with the blue and red colors of the Parisian militia; the official flag for all French dependent areas

      note: the design and/or colors are similar to a number of other flags, including those of Belgium, Chad, Cote d'Ivoire, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, and Netherlands

      National anthem:

      name: "La Marseillaise" (The Song of Marseille)

      lyrics/music: Claude-Joseph ROUGET de Lisle

      note: adopted 1795, restored 1870; originally known as "Chant de Guerre pour l'Armee du Rhin" (War Song for the Army of the Rhine), the National Guard of Marseille made the song famous by singing it while marching into Paris in 1792 during the French Revolutionary Wars

      Economy ::France

      Economy - overview:

      France is in the midst of transition from a well-to-do modern economy that has featured extensive government ownership and intervention to one that relies more on market mechanisms. The government has partially or fully privatized many large companies, banks, and insurers, and has ceded stakes in such leading firms as Air France, France Telecom, Renault, and Thales. It maintains a strong presence in some sectors, particularly power, public transport, and defense industries. With at least 75 million foreign tourists per year, France is the most visited country in the world and maintains the third largest income in the world from tourism. France's leaders remain committed to a capitalism СКАЧАТЬ