The 1997 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ the members of his own party sitting in Parliament elections: none; the queen is a hereditary monarch; governor general appointed by the queen on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons is automatically designated by the governor general to become prime minister

      Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate or Senat (a body whose members are appointed to serve until reaching 75 years of age by the governor general and selected on the advice of the prime minister; its normal limit is 104 senators) and the House of Commons or Chambre des Communes (295 seats; note - number of seats will rise to 301 at the time of the next election; members elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Commons - last held 25 October 1993 (next to be held by 3 November 1998) election results: percent of votes by party - Liberal Party 41%, Reform Party 19%, Tories 16%, Bloc Quebecois 14%, New Democratic Party 7%, other 3%; seats by party - Liberal Party 177, Bloc Quebecois 53, Reform Party 52, New Democratic Party 9, Progressive Conservative Party 2, independents 2

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court, judges are appointed by the prime minister through the governor general

      Political parties and leaders: Liberal Party [Jean CHRETIEN]; Bloc

       Quebecois [Michel GAUTHIER (until March 1997)]; Reform Party [Preston

       MANNING]; New Democratic Party [Alexa MCDONOUGH]; Progressive

       Conservative Party [Jean CHAREST]

      International organization participation: ACCT, AfDB, AG (observer),

       APEC, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, C, CCC, CDB (non-regional), CE

       (observer), EBRD, ECE, ECLAC, ESA (cooperating state), FAO, G- 7, G-

       8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD,

       IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC,

       IOM, ISO, ITU, MTCR, NACC, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS, OECD,

       OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM,

       UNMIBH, UNMOP, UNPREDEP, UNTSO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,

       WTrO, ZC

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission : Ambassador Raymond A. J. CHRETIEN chancery: 501 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20001 telephone: [1] (202) 682–1740 FAX: [1] (202) 682–7726 consulate(s) general : Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Dallas, Detroit, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York, and Seattle consulate(s): Cincinnati, Cleveland, Miami, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Princeton, San Diego, San Francisco, and San Jose

      Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant) embassy : 100 Wellington Street, K1P 5T1, Ottawa mailing address: P. O. Box 866, Ogdensburg, NY 13669–0430 telephone : [1] (613) 238–5335, 4470 FAX: [1] (613) 238–5720 consulate(s) general: Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Quebec, Toronto, and Vancouver

      Flag description: three vertical bands of red (hoist side), white (double width, square), and red with a red maple leaf centered in the white band

      Economy

      Economy - overview: As an affluent, high-tech industrial society, Canada today closely resembles the US in per capita output, market-oriented economic system, and pattern of production. Since World War II, the impressive growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy into one primarily industrial and urban. Canada started the 1990s in recession, and real rates of growth have averaged only 1.1% so far this decade. Because of slower growth, Canada still faces high unemployment - especially in Quebec and the Maritime Provinces - and a large public sector debt. With its great natural resources, skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, however, Canada will enjoy better economic prospects in the future. The continuing constitutional impasse between English- and French-speaking areas is raising the possibility of a split in the confederation, making foreign investors somewhat edgy.

      GDP: purchasing power parity - $721 billion (1996 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate: 1.4% (1996 est.)

      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $25,000 (1996 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 3% industry: 31% services : 66% (1996)

      Inflation rate - consumer price index: 1.4% (1996)

      Labor force: total: 15.1 million (1996) by occupation : services 74%, manufacturing 15%, agriculture 3%, construction 5%, other 3% (1994)

      Unemployment rate: 9.7% (December 1996)

      Budget: revenues: $94.3 billion expenditures: $115.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.7 billion (FY95/96 est.)

      Industries: processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products, transportation equipment, chemicals, fish products, petroleum and natural gas

      Industrial production growth rate: 1.3% (1996)

      Electricity - capacity: 113.65 million kW (1994)

      Electricity - production: 547.9 billion kWh (1995)

      Electricity - consumption per capita: 16,137 kWh (1995 est.)

      Agriculture - products: wheat, barley, oilseed, tobacco, fruits, vegetables; dairy products; forest products; commercial fisheries provide annual catch of 1.5 million metric tons, of which 75% is exported

      Exports: total value: $195.4 billion (f.o.b., 1996 est.) commodities : newsprint, wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum, machinery, natural gas, aluminum, motor vehicles and parts; telecommunications equipment partners: US, Japan, UK, Germany, South Korea, Netherlands, China

      Imports: total value: $169.5 billion (c.i.f., 1996 est.) commodities : crude oil, chemicals, motor vehicles and parts, durable consumer goods, electronic computers; telecommunications equipment and parts partners: US, Japan, UK, Germany, France, Mexico, Taiwan, South Korea

      Debt - external: $253 billion (1996)

      Economic aid: donor: ODA, $1.6 billion (1995) note : ODA and OOF commitments, $10.1 billion (1986–91)

      Currency: 1 Canadian dollar (Can$) = 100 cents

      Exchange rates: Canadian dollars (Can$) per US$1 - 1.3486 (January 1997), 1.3635 (1996), 1.37241 (1995), 1.3656 (1994), 1.2901 (1993), 1.2087 (1992)

      Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March

      @Canada:Communications

      Telephones: 15.3 million (1990)

      Telephone system: excellent service provided by modern technology domestic : domestic satellite system with about 300 earth stations international: 5 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) and 2 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean Region)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 900, FM 29, shortwave 0

      Radios: NA

      Television broadcast stations: 70 (repeaters 1,400) (1991)

      Televisions: СКАЧАТЬ