The 1997 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ - consumption per capita: 963 kWh (1995 est.)

      Agriculture - products: coffee, cut flowers, bananas, rice, tobacco, corn, sugarcane, cocoa beans, oilseed, vegetables; forest products; shrimp farming

      Exports: total value: $10.3 billion (f.o.b., 1996) commodities: petroleum, coffee, coal, bananas, fresh cut flowers partners : US 39%, EC 25.7%, Japan 2.9%, Venezuela 8.5% (1992)

      Imports: total value: $12.4 billion (c.i.f., 1996) commodities: industrial equipment, transportation equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, paper products partners : US 36%, EC 18%, Brazil 4%, Venezuela 6.5%, Japan 8.7% (1992)

      Debt - external: $16.5 billion (1996 est.)

      Economic aid: recipient: ODA, $30 million (1993)

      Currency: 1 Colombian peso (Col$) = 100 centavos

      Exchange rates: Colombian pesos (Col$) per US$1 - 1,027.87 (January 1997), 1,036.69 (1996), 912.83 (1995), 844.84 (1994), 863.06 (1993), 759.28 (1992)

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      @Colombia:Communications

      Telephones: 1.89 million (1986 est.)

      Telephone system: modern system in many respects domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system; domestic satellite system with 11 earth stations international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 413 (licensed), FM 217 (licensed), shortwave 28

      Radios: NA

      Television broadcast stations: 33

      Televisions: 5.5 million (1993 est.)

      @Colombia:Transportation

      Railways: total: 3,386 km standard gauge: 150 km 1.435-m gauge (connects Cerrejon coal mines to maritime port at Bahia Portete) narrow gauge: 3,236 km 0.914-m gauge (1830 km in use) (1995)

      Highways: total: 106,600 km paved: 12,685 km unpaved : 93,915 km (1995 est.)

      Waterways: 14,300 km, navigable by river boats

      Pipelines: crude oil 3,585 km; petroleum products 1,350 km; natural gas 830 km; natural gas liquids 125 km

      Ports and harbors: Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Leticia,

       Puerto Bolivar, San Andres, Santa Marta, Tumaco, Turbo

      Merchant marine: total: 17 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 72,388 GRT/97,576 DWT ships by type: bulk 5, cargo 6, container 1, multi-function large load carrier 2, oil tanker 3 (1996 est.)

      Airports: 913 (1996 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 606 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 9 1,524 to 2,437 m : 32 914 to 1,523 m: 36 under 914 m: 527 (1996 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 307 2,438 to 3,047 m : 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 34 914 to 1,523 m: 272 (1996 est.)

      Military

      Military branches: Army (Ejercito Nacional), Navy (Armada Nacional, includes Marines and Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Colombiana), National Police (Policia Nacional)

      Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15–49: 10,285,806 (1997 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males : 6,909,846 (1997 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 348,802 (1997 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $2 billion (1995)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 2.8% (1995)

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela; territorial dispute with Nicaragua over Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank

      Illicit drugs: illicit producer of coca, opium poppies, and cannabis; about 50,900 hectares of coca under cultivation in 1995; the world's largest processor of coca derivatives into cocaine; supplier of cocaine to the US and other international drug markets; active aerial eradication program seeks to virtually eliminate coca and opium crops ______________________________________________________________________

      COMOROS

      Introduction

      Historical perspective: Comoros has had difficulty in achieving political stability, having endured 18 coups or attempted coups since receiving independence from France in 1975.

      @Comoros:Geography

      Location: Southern Africa, group of islands in the Mozambique Channel, about two-thirds of the way between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique

      Geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 44 15 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area: total : 2,170 sq km land: 2,170 sq km water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly more than 12 times the size of

       Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: 0 km

      Coastline: 340 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm

      Climate: tropical marine; rainy season (November to May)

      Terrain: volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Kartala 2,360 m

      Natural resources: negligible

      Land use: arable land: 35% permanent crops: 10% permanent pastures: 7% forests and woodland : 18% other: 30% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: NA sq km

      Natural hazards: cyclones and tsunamis possible during rainy season (December to April); Mount Kartala on Grand Comore is an active volcano

      Environment - current issues: soil degradation and erosion results from crop cultivation on slopes without proper terracing; deforestation

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Desertification

      Geography - note: important location at northern end of Mozambique

       Channel

      @Comoros:People

      Population: 528,893 (July 1997 est.)

СКАЧАТЬ