The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       in north

      Terrain:

       mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Lake Eyre −15 m

       highest point: Mount Kosciuszko 2,229 m

      Natural resources:

       bauxite, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, gold, silver, uranium,

       nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas,

       petroleum

      Land use:

       arable land: 6.88%

       permanent crops: 0.03%

       other: 93.09% (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land:

       24,000 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires

      Environment - current issues:

       soil erosion from overgrazing, industrial development,

       urbanization, and poor farming practices; soil salinity rising due

       to the use of poor quality water; desertification; clearing for

       agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique

       animal and plant species; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast

       coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by

       increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site; limited

       natural fresh water resources

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living

       Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate

       Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental

       Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping,

       Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection,

       Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands,

       Whaling

       signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

      Geography - note:

       world's smallest continent but sixth-largest country; population

       concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts; regular,

       tropical, invigorating, sea breeze known as "the Doctor" occurs

       along the west coast in the summer

      People Australia

      Population:

       19,731,984 (July 2003 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 20.2% (male 2,045,783; female 1,949,864)

       15–64 years: 67.1% (male 6,680,531; female 6,553,141)

       65 years and over: 12.7% (male 1,099,275; female 1,403,390) (2003

       est.)

      Median age:

       total: 36 years

       male: 35.2 years

       female: 36.8 years (2002)

      Population growth rate:

       0.93% (2003 est.)

      Birth rate:

       12.55 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Death rate:

       7.31 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       4.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 4.83 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 4.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)

       male: 5.23 deaths/1,000 live births

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 80.13 years

       male: 77.27 years

       female: 83.13 years (2003 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       1.76 children born/woman (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       0.1% (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       12,000 (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       less than 100 (2001 est.)

      Nationality:

       noun: Australian(s)

       adjective: Australian

      Ethnic groups:

       Caucasian 92%, Asian 7%, aboriginal and other 1%

      Religions:

       Anglican 26.1%, Roman Catholic 26%, other Christian 24.3%,

       non-Christian 11%, other 12.6%

      Languages:

       English, native languages

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 100%

       male: 100%

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