The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       domestic fighting among disparate rebel groups in Guinea, Liberia,

       and Sierra Leone have created skirmishes, deaths, and refugees in

       border areas

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

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      @Guinea-Bissau

      Introduction Guinea-Bissau

      Background:

       In 1994, 20 years after independence from Portugal, the country's

       first multiparty legislative and presidential elections were held.

       An army uprising that triggered a bloody civil war in 1998 created

       hundreds of thousands of displaced persons. A military junta ousted

       the president in May 1999. An interim government turned over power

       in February 2000 when opposition leader Kumba YALA took office

       following two rounds of transparent presidential elections.

       Guinea-Bissau's transition back to democracy will be complicated by

       its crippled economy, devastated in the civil war.

      Geography Guinea-Bissau

      Location:

       Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea

       and Senegal

      Geographic coordinates:

       12 00 N, 15 00 W

      Map references:

       Africa

      Area:

       total: 36,120 sq km

       water: 8,120 sq km

       land: 28,000 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly less than three times the size of Connecticut

      Land boundaries: total: 724 km border countries: Guinea 386 km, Senegal 338 km

      Coastline: 350 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate:

       tropical; generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season

       (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to

       May) with northeasterly harmattan winds

      Terrain:

       mostly low coastal plain rising to savanna in east

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

       highest point: unnamed location in the northeast corner of the

       country 300 m

      Natural resources:

       fish, timber, phosphates, bauxite, unexploited deposits of petroleum

      Land use: arable land: 10.67% permanent crops: 1.78% other: 87.55% (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land:

       170 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry

       season; brush fires

      Environment - current issues:

       deforestation; soil erosion; overgrazing; overfishing

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered

       Species, Law of the Sea, Wetlands

       signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note:

       this small country is swampy along its western coast and low-lying

       further inland

      People Guinea-Bissau

      Population:

       1,360,827 (July 2003 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 41.9% (male 284,150; female 285,370)

       15–64 years: 55.2% (male 358,891; female 392,703)

       65 years and over: 2.9% (male 17,285; female 22,428) (2003 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 18.8 years

       male: 18.2 years

       female: 19.4 years (2002)

      Population growth rate:

       2.02% (2003 est.)

      Birth rate:

       38.41 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Death rate:

       16.62 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       −1.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2003 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 110.29 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 99.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)

       male: 120.99 deaths/1,000 live births

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 46.97 years

       male: 45.09 years

       female: 48.91 years (2003 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

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