The 2003 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ style="font-size:15px;">       Pashtun 44%, Tajik 25%, Hazara 10%, minor ethnic groups (Aimaks,

       Turkmen, Baloch, and others) 13%, Uzbek 8%

      Religions:

       Sunni Muslim 84%, Shi'a Muslim 15%, other 1%

      Languages:

       Pashtu 35%, Afghan Persian (Dari) 50%, Turkic languages (primarily

       Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and

       Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       female: 21% (1999 est.)

       total population: 36%

       male: 51%

      People - note:

       large numbers of Afghan refugees create burdens on neighboring

       states

      Government Afghanistan

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan

       conventional short form: Afghanistan

       local short form: Afghanestan

       former: Republic of Afghanistan

       local long form: Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan

      Government type:

       transitional

      Capital:

       Kabul

      Administrative divisions:

       32 provinces (velayat, singular - velayat); Badakhshan, Badghis,

       Baghlan, Balkh, Bamian, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghowr, Helmand,

       Herat, Jowzjan, Kabol, Kandahar, Kapisa, Khowst, Konar, Kondoz,

       Laghman, Lowgar, Nangarhar, Nimruz, Nurestan, Oruzgan, Paktia,

       Paktika, Parvan, Samangan, Sar-e Pol, Takhar, Vardak, and Zabol

      Independence:

       19 August 1919 (from UK control over Afghan foreign affairs)

      National holiday:

       Independence Day, 19 August (1919)

      Constitution:

       the Bonn Agreement called for a Loya Jirga (Grand Council) to be

       convened within 18 months of the establishment of the Transitional

       Authority to draft a new constitution for the country; the basis for

       the next constitution is the 1964 Constitution, according to the

       Bonn Agreement

      Legal system:

       the Bonn Agreement calls for a judicial commission to rebuild the

       justice system in accordance with Islamic principles, international

       standards, the rule of law, and Afghan legal traditions

      Suffrage:

       NA; previously males 15–50 years of age

      Executive branch:

       note: following the Taliban's refusal to hand over Usama bin LADIN

       to the US for his suspected involvement in the 11 September 2001

       terrorist attacks in the US, a US-led international coalition was

       formed; after several weeks of aerial bombardment by coalition

       forces and military action on the ground, including Afghan

       opposition forces, the Taliban was ousted from power on 17 November

       2001; in December 2001, a number of prominent Afghans met under UN

       auspices in Bonn, Germany, to decide on a plan for governing the

       country; as a result, the Afghan Interim Authority (AIA) - made up

       of 30 members, headed by a chairman - was inaugurated on 22 December

       2001 with a six-month mandate to be followed by a two-year

       Transitional Authority (TA), after which elections are to be held;

       the structure of the follow-on TA was announced on 10 June 2002,

       when the Loya Jirga (Grand Assembly) convened establishing the

       Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA), which has 18

       months to hold a Loya Jirga to adopt a constitution and 24 months to

       hold nationwide elections

       chief of state: President of the TISA, Hamid KARZAI (since 10 June

       2002); note - presently the president and head of government

       head of government: President of the TISA, Hamid KARZAI (since 10

       June 2002); note - presently the president and head of government

       cabinet: the 30-member TISA

       elections: nationwide elections are to be held by June 2004,

       according to the Bonn Agreement

      Legislative branch:

       nonfunctioning as of June 1993

      Judicial branch:

       the Bonn Agreement called for the establishment of a Supreme Court;

       there is also a Minister of Justice

      Political parties and leaders:

       NA; note - political parties in Afghanistan are in flux and many

       prominent players have plans to create new parties; the Transitional

       Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA) is headed by President Hamid

       KARZAI; the TISA is a coalition government formed of leaders from

       across the Afghan political spectrum; there are also several

       political factions not holding positions in the Transitional

       government that are forming new groups and parties in the hopes of

       participating in 2004 elections

      Political СКАЧАТЬ