Historical Dictionary of Jazz. John S. Davis

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СКАЧАТЬ phrases in which a musical statement is followed by a musical answer. It can occur in jazz between instrumental sections in an ensemble, between instrumentalists (as in the practice of trading fours), or between a vocalist and instrumentalist. Some forms, such as the blues, are said to be structured as call and response.

      CALLENDER, RED (1916–1992)

      A bassist who made his recording debut with Louis Armstrong in 1937, he spent three years in the Lester and Lee Young band before forming his own trio. He played with Erroll Garner, Charlie Parker, Wardell Gray, Dexter Gordon, and eventually Art Tatum (1955–1956). In later years Callender switched to playing tuba. His autobiography, Unfinished Dream, was published in 1985.

      CALLOWAY, CABELL “CAB” (1907–1994)

      Bandleader, singer, and entertainer. Cab Calloway attended law school briefly before quitting to pursue a career in music. In 1931, his group the Missourians recorded one of his biggest hits, “Minnie the Moocher” (which contained his famous phrase “Hi-de-hi”), and replaced the band of Duke Ellington at the Cotton Club, where they performed until 1940. The group, renamed Cab Calloway and His Orchestra, appeared in several films (The Big Broadcast, 1933; The Singing Kid, 1936; Stormy Weather 1943) and made many recordings before finally dissolving in 1948. Calloway’s band contained several members who would go on to great fame, including Dizzy Gillespie, Ben Webster, Chu Berry, and Mario Bauza. After disbanding his big band in 1948, Calloway still appeared with the Cab Jivers, a small group. Later in his life, Calloway appeared in Porgy and Bess (1950s), Hello, Dolly! (1960s), and the movie The Blues Brothers (1980).

      CALYPSO

      A style of dance and song that originated on slave plantations in the Caribbean; it is most associated with the island of Trinidad. Calypsos are duple meter; modern calypsos are in a major mode, while earlier examples were in a minor mode and slower tempo.

      CAMELIA BRASS BAND

      A New Orleans brass band established around 1917 by Wooden Joe Nicholas and named after the steamer S.S. Camelia.

      CAMEO

      A record label of the Cameo Record Corporation, it sold records in Macy’s department stores during the 1920s. The company joined Plaza in 1929 to form the American Record Corporation. The Cameo label name was dropped in the 1930s.

      CANDID

      Its catalog contained nearly 40 albums, including ones by Don Ellis, Charles Mingus, Cecil Taylor, and Booker Little. Purchased by the label Barnaby in the 1970s and then later purchased and reactivated by Black Lion, many recordings have been reissued in CD format, and more recent recordings have been issued by artists including Dave Liebman and Lee Konitz.

      CANDOLI, CONTE (1927–2001)

      An American trumpet player, Conte Candoli got his start at the age of 16 when he joined Woody Herman’s First Herd in 1944. He would go on to play with Chubby Jackson (1947–1948), Stan Kenton (1948), Charlie Ventura (1949), Herman again (1949–1950), Charlie Barnet (1951), and Kenton again (1951–1953). He moved to Chicago and started his own group in 1954 before moving to California where he played with Howard Rumsey’s Lighthouse All-Stars (1955). He recorded with Stan Levey (1954–1957) and played and recorded with his brother Pete Candoli (1957–1962) and Terry Gibbs (1959–1962). He played with Woody Herman at the Monterey Jazz Festival in 1960, toured Europe with Gerry Mulligan (1960–1961), played with drummer Shelly Manne, and then played with Kenton’s Los Angeles Neophonic Orchestra (1965–1969). He performed with the group Supersax from 1972 throughout the 1980s and performed in the Doc Severinsen–led Tonight Show band from 1972 to 1992. Candoli continued to tour extensively through the late 1990s before passing away from prostate cancer in 2001.

      CANDOLI, PETE (1923–2008)

      Brother of Conte Candoli, he was known as a lead trumpet player. He played with many big bands during the 1940s, including Sonny Dunham, Will Bradley, Ray McKinley, Benny Goodman, Tommy Dorsey, Teddy Powell, Woody Herman, Boyd Raeburn, Tex Beneke, and Jerry Gray. He moved to Los Angeles and became noted for his studio work and performed with the bands of Les Brown and Stan Kenton. He later led a group (1957–1962) with his brother Conte and started a nightclub act with his wife, Edie Adams, in 1972. He continued to perform with his brother into the 1990s.

      CAPITOL

      American record label founded in 1942 by Johnny Mercer, Glenn Wallichs, and B. G. Desylva specializing in popular music. Early artists included Nat “King” Cole, Peggy Lee, Country singer Tex Williams, and Stan Kenton. During the 1950s the label grew as artists such as Dean Martin, Frank Sinatra, and guitarist Les Paul were added. In 1956 the label broke into the rock-and-roll market by signing Gene Vincent; later it would sign the Beach Boys and begin a distribution arrangement with the Beatles. After the breakup of the Beatles, its catalog included artists such as Pink Floyd, Merle Haggard, Glen Campbell, Bob Seeger, and Anne Murray. During the 1980s and 1990s, its artists included Duran Duran, Bonnie Raitt, Garth Brooks, the Beastie Boys, and Radiohead. Recent popular artists on Capitol Records include Coldplay and Katy Perry.

      CAPP-PIERCE JUGGERNAUT

      A big band formed in 1975 as the Capp-Pierce Orchestra by Frank Capp and Nat Pierce. The band performed and recorded Basie-style big band material and included members such as Bill Berry, Bobby Shew, Marshal Royal, Blue Mitchell, and Herb Ellis.

      CARDINAL

      Record label established in 1920 and notable for issuing Ethel Waters’s first recording in 1921.

      CARISI, JOHNNY (1922–1992)

      A trumpet player, then later a composer/arranger, Johnny Carisi played with Glenn Miller from late 1942 until Miller’s death and then wrote for various big bands including Ray McKinley, Charlie Barnet, and Claude Thornhill. He wrote “Israel” while studying with composer Stefan Wolpe, which would appear on Miles Davis’s landmark album Birth of the Cool. During the late 1950s and 1960s, Carisi wrote many small ensemble and chamber pieces, including arrangements for Gil Evans and trumpeter Marvin Stamm. He became a faculty member of the Manhattan School of Music and Queens College CUNY in 1969 and continued to compose and perform until his passing in 1992.

      CARLTON, LARRY EUGENE (1948–)

      Carlton was raised in Southern California and began playing the guitar at the age of six. He was introduced to jazz while in junior high school after hearing a recording of guitarist Joe Pass. Carlton recorded his first album in 1968, With a Little Help from My Friends (Uni). He joined the jazz-rock group the Crusaders in 1971, continuing to perform СКАЧАТЬ