European Integration. Mark Gilbert

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Chronology: 1945–2019

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      1940s

      February 4–11, 1945: Yalta Conference.

      July 17–August 12, 1945: Potsdam Conference.

      September 19, 1946: Churchill’s Zurich speech.

      March 12, 1947: Truman Doctrine.

      June 5, 1947: George C. Marshall’s Harvard address. Beginning of European Recovery Program.

      March 17, 1948: Treaty on Western Union (Brussels Pact) signed. Belgium, Britain, France, Luxembourg, and Netherlands form an alliance for mutual defense and economic cooperation.

      May 7–11, 1948: Congress of Europe at The Hague.

      June 24, 1948: Berlin blockade begins (ends May 12, 1949).

      May 5, 1949: Treaty of St. James establishing the Council of Europe.

      September 15, 1949: Konrad Adenauer becomes first chancellor of West Germany.

      1950s

      May 9, 1950: Schuman Plan announced.

      October 24, 1950: Announcement of Pleven Plan.

      November 4, 1950: Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms signed in Rome by thirteen European countries. Greece and Sweden sign on November 28.

      April 18, 1951: ECSC treaty signed in Paris by Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, and West Germany.

      May 27, 1952: EDC treaty signed in Paris by the same countries.

      March 10, 1953: EPC proposals presented to the government of the Six by the ECSC Assembly.

      August 30, 1954: French Parliament rejects the EDC treaty.

October 23, 1954: WEU treaty signed in Paris.

      June 1–2, 1955: Messina conference of the Six delegates to an intergovernmental committee headed by Paul-Henri Spaak the task of drawing up plans for an economic community and a community to govern atomic energy.

      October 13, 1955: Jean Monnet forms his Action Committee for a United Europe.

      May 29, 1956: Spaak committee presents its report to foreign ministers of the Six in Venice.

      October 30–November 6, 1956: Suez Crisis.

      March 25, 1957: Treaties of Rome instituting Euratom and the EEC signed by the Six.

      January 7, 1958: Walter Hallstein (Germany) becomes the first president of the EEC Commission, which begins operations.

      November 14, 1958: French government blocks the British idea of a free trade area encompassing all OEEC countries.

      1960s

      May 3, 1960: EFTA formed by Austria, Denmark, Great Britain, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, and Switzerland.

      July–August 1961: Britain, Denmark, and Ireland apply for EEC membership.

      November 2, 1961: Plan for an “indissoluble Union of States” presented by the French government.

      January 14, 1962: Agreement on CAP reached. Second stage of EEC begins.

      January 14, 1963: De Gaulle’s press conference opposing British membership.

      January 22, 1963: Franco-German pact of friendship signed in Paris.

      January 28, 1963: France vetoes British membership.

      July 20, 1963 : Association agreement signed with eighteen African states at Yaoundé (Cameroon).

      March 31, 1965: The Commission presents its proposals regarding the EEC’s “own resources” and the budget question.

      April 8, 1965: Merger treaty signed. ECSC, EEC, and Euratom are fused into the EC.

      July 6, 1965: Empty Chair Crisis begins. France boycotts the Community.

      September 9, 1965: De Gaulle casts doubt on future of EEC if national veto not preserved.

January 28–29, 1966: Luxembourg compromise agreed. France retakes her place at the table.

      May 1, 1967: Wilson government formally applies for British membership.

      June 30, 1967: The Commission signs the Kennedy Round trade deal on behalf of the Six.

      July 6, 1967: Jean Rey (Belgium) becomes second president of the EC Commission.

      November СКАЧАТЬ