Genome Engineering for Crop Improvement. Группа авторов

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СКАЧАТЬ Identifies candidate gRNA target sites with reduced off‐target quality http://crispr.cos.uni‐heidelberg.de/ Stemmer et al. (2015) CRISPRdirect Identifies candidate gRNA target sequences http://crispr.dbcls.jp/ Naito et al. (2015) COSMID Identifies target sites https://crispr.bme.gatech.edu Cradick et al. (2014) CRISPR Finder Identifies CRISPR http://crispr.u‐psud.fr/Server Grissa et al. (2007) CrisprGE Identifies target sites http://crdd.osdd.net/servers/crisprge Kaur et al. (2015) CRISPR Multitargeter Identifies target sites http://www.multicrispr.net Prykhozhij et al. (2015) CRISPRseek Identifies target specific guide RNAs http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/CRISPRseek.html Zhu et al. (2014) flyCRISPR Identifies target sites and evaluate its specificity http://flycrispr.molbio.wisc.edu Gratz et al. (2014) GT‐SCAN Identifies target sites and ranking them with their potential off target sites http://flycrispr.molbio.wisc.edu O'Brien and Bailey (2014) sgRNAcas9 Identifies target sites with their potential off target sites www.biootools.com Xie et al. (2014) SSFinder Identifies target sites https://code.google.com/p/ssfinder Upadhyay and Sharma (2014) ZiFiT Identifies target sites http://zifit.partners.org/ZiFiT Mandell and Barbas (2006) sgRNA Designer Guide RNA design based on efficiency score http://broadinstitute.org/rnai/public/analysis‐tools/sgrna‐design Doench et al. (2014)

Several plant species have been edited using CRISPR/Cas system, including rice, wheat (Shan et al. 2013b; Upadhyay et al. 2013), sorghum (Jiang et al. 2013), tobacco (Li et al. 2013), Arabidopsis (Fauser et al. 2014; Feng et al. 2014; Li et al. 2013), Brassica napus (Kang et al. 2018), watermelon (Tian et al. 2018), etc. (Table 1.2). Moreover, dCas9 can be fused with various epigenetic regulatory factors which can modulate DNA acetylation/methylation, post‐ translational histone modification, ubiquitination and protein sumoylation and phosphorylation to carry out epigenetic modifications (Shrestha et al. 2018; Yamamuro et al. 2016). This has been more recently explored in Arabidopsis for demethylation (Gallego‐Bartolomé et al. 2018).

Table 1.2 List of examples of genes edited by CRISPR Cas system in various plant species.

Plant system	Gene	Description of Experiment	References
Arabidopsis thaliana	GSS21/2	Host adaptation against P. xylostella	Chen et al. (2020)
Rice	EPFL9	a positive regulator of stomatal development	Yin et al. (2017)
	OsDEP1 OsROC5 OsPDS	Carotenoid biosynthesis, leaf morphology	Tang and Tang (2017)
	OsDL and OsALS	loss of midrib in the leaf blade	Endo et al. (2016)
	OsPDS, OsBEL	Herbicide resistant and Nutritional improvement	Xu et al. (2017)
	OsRLK, OsBEL	receptor‐like kinases	Wang et al. (2017)
	OsPDS OsDL	Herbicide resistant and loss of midrib in the leaf blade	Tang et al. (2019)
	OsERF922	Enhanced resistance to blast disease	Wang et al. (2016)
	GW2, GW5, and TGW6	Improvement of grain weight	Xu et al. (2016)
	ALS	Enhanced herbicide resistance	Sun et al. (2016)
	SBEIIb and SBEI	Generation of high amylose rice	Sun et al. (2017)
	Hd 2, Hd 4, and Hd 5	Early maturity of rice varieties	Li et al. (2017)
	OsMATL	Induction of haploid plants	Yao et al. (2018)
	ALS	СКАЧАТЬ В начало < 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 > В конец