Computing and the National Science Foundation, 1950-2016. William Aspray

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      80.B. R. Inman. 1980. Cryptography research funding. Science, 210(4466): 134. DOI: 10.1126/ science.210.4466.134.

      81.D. A. Langenberg. 1980. Cryptography, NSF, and NSA. Science Magazine, 210(4473). DOI: 10.1126/science.210.4473.960.

      82.I left NSF in the fall of 1978 and returned to manage a different set of programs in January 1980, so I am not familiar with the process used by the program directors who followed me. I am quite confident that something similar to this process continues today.

      83.Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, and National Academy of Engineering. 1982. Scientific Communication and National Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/253.

      84.Minutes of the May 28–29, 1981, meeting of the NSF Advisory Subcommittee on Computer Science. Jack Minker, Chair. Charles Babbage Institute.

      85.J. Guttag et al. May 1981. The Role of the NSF in Supporting Cryptological Research: A Report to the National Science Foundation by Its Mathematical and Computer Sciences Advisory Committee. National Science Foundation. Charles Babbage Institute.

      86.Thelma Estrin was married to Gerald Estrin and both were UCLA computer science professors. They had three daughters. Margo Estrin is a medical doctor. Deborah Estrin is a leading computer scientist, who moved from USC to UCLA after her parents retired. She led the NSF Science and Technology Center for Embedded Networked Sensing (CENS). Recently, she joined Cornell Tech. Judith Estrin is a corporate executive and entrepreneur, having founded Zilog, Bridge Communications, Network Computing Devices, Precept Software, Packet Design, and JLABS. Judy served as chief technology officer and senior vice president of Cisco Systems until 2000 and CEO of Eventlive in 2013.

      87.Ettore F. “Jim” Infante had served as program director for Applied Mathematics in MCS a few years earlier.

      88.K. Curtis. May 21–23, 1979. Summary Minutes, Advisory Subcommittee for Computer Science. National Science Foundation. Charles Babbage Institute.

      89.Curtis, 1979, op. cit. , p. 2.

      90.Curtis, 1979, op. cit. , p. 3.

      91.P. Young. December 9, 1979. “ReDRAFT: NSF support for experimental computer science,” Internal document. Charles Babbage Institute.

      92.Oral history, Rick Adrion, interviewed by William Aspray, October 29, 1990, in Amherst, Massachusetts. Charles Babbage Institute. https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/ 104300; last accessed 15 January 2019.

      93.R. Riesenfeld and L. Hollaar. 1984: NSF Grant 8406682-1984 NSF CER Conference to Be Held February 23–24, 1984, at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (Computer Research). https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8406682&HistoricalAwards=false; last accessed 14 February 2019.

      94.J. Schwartz. November 1983. A Taxonomic Table of Parallel Computers, Based on 55 Designs. Ultracomputer Note #69. Courant Institute, N.Y.U.

      95.Ultracomputer Project, https://cs.nyu.edu/cs/projects/ultra/home-page.html; last accessed 15 February 2019.

      96.D. Gajski, D. J. Kuck, D. H. Lawrie, and A. S. Sameh. 1983. CEDAR—A large scale multiprocessor. Proceedings of the 1983 International Conference on Parallel Processing, Belaire, MI. DOI: 10.1145/859526.859527.

      97.M. Sejnowski, E. T. Upchurch, R. N. Kapur, D. P. S. Charlu, and G. J. Lipovski. 1980. An overview of the Texas reconfigurable array computer. AFIPS, Proceedings of the May 19–22, 1980, National Computer Conference, p. 631. DOI: 10.1145/1500518.1500623.

      98.J. R. Goodman and C. H. Sequin. 1981. Hypertree: A multiprocessor interconnection topology. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 20(12): 923–933. DOI: 10.1109/TC.1981.1675731.

      99.R. M. Keller, G. Lindstrom, and S. Patil. 1979. A loosely-coupled applicative multi-processing system. AFIPS Conference Proceedings, 48: 613–622. DOI: 10.1109/AFIPS.1979.8.

      100.D. J. DeWitt, R. Gerber, G. Graefe, M. Heytens, K. Kumar, and M. Muralikrishna. 1986. “Gamma—A high performance dataflow database machine.” University of Wisconsin– Madison Department of Computer Sciences.

      101.C. Rieger, R. H. Trigg, and B. Bane. 1981. ZMOB: A new computing engine for AI. IJCAI, pp. 955–960. https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/81-2/Papers/071.pdf.

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