Notes and Queries, Number 55, November 16, 1850. Various

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ for the performance of which he would probably have the consent of his early master.

SAMUEL HICKSON.

      ON AUTHORS AND BOOKS, NO. IX

      Eustache Deschamps. Except in the two centuries next after the conquest, contemporaneous French notices of early English writers seem to be of rather infrequent occurrence.

      On this account, and on other accounts, the ballad addressed to Geoffrey Chaucer by Eustache Deschamps deserves repetition. Its text requires to be established, in order that we may be aware of its real obscurities—for no future memoir of Chaucer can be considered as complete, without some reference to it.

      The best authorities on Eustache Deschamps are MM. Crapelet, Raynouard, and Paulin Paris. To M. Crapelet we are indebted for the publication of Poésies morales et historiques d'Eustache Deschamps; to M. Raynouard, for an able review of the volume in the Journal des Savants; and to M. Paulin Paris, for an account of the manuscript in which the numerous productions of the author are preserved. Of the author himself, the learned M. Paris thus writes:—

      "On pourroit surnommer Eustache Deschamps le Rutebeuf du XIV^e siècle.—Ses oeuvres comprennent des épitres, des discours en prose, des jeux dramatiques, des ouvrages latins, des apologues, un grand poème moral, et un infinité de ballades et rondeaux pieux, bouffons, satiriques," &c.

      Two impressions of the ballad in question are before me; one, in the Life of Geoffrey Chaucer by sir Harris Nicholas, dated 1843—and the other in a volume entitled Geoffrey Chaucer, poète anglais du XIV^e siècle. Analyses et Fragments par H. Gomont, Paris, 1847.—I transcribe the ballad from the latter volume, as less accessible to English students:—

"BALLADE INÉDITE ADRESSÉE A GEOFFREY CHAUCER PAR EUSTACHE DESCHAMPS

      O Socrates, plains de philosophie,

      Senèque en meurs et Anglais en pratique,

      Ouï des grans en ta poëterie,

      Bries en parler, saiges en rethorique,

      Virgiles tres haulz qui, par ta théorique,

      Enlumines le règne d'Eneas,

      Lisle aux geans, ceuls du Bruth, et qui as

      Semé les fleurs et planté le rosier,

      Aux ignorants, de la langue pandras

      Grant translateur, noble Geffroy Chaucier.

      Tu es d'amours mondains Dieux en Albie,

      Et de la rose en la terre angélique,

      Qui d'Angela Saxonne et (est) puis flourie

      Angleterre (d'elle ce nom s'applique).

      Le derrenier en l'éthimologique

      En bon anglès le livre translatas;

      Et un Vergier, où du plant demandas

      De ceuls qui sont pour eulx auctorisier,

      A ja long teams que tu édifias,

      Grant tranlslateur noble Geffroy Chaucier.

      A toy, pour ce, de la fontaine Helye

      Requier avoir un buvraige autentique

      Dont la doys est du tout en ta baillie,

      Pour rafrener d'elle ma soif éthique

      Qui men gaule seray paralitique

      Jusques à ce que tu m'abuveras.

      Eustaces sui qui de mon plant aras;

      Mais pran en gre les euvres d'escolier

      Que par Clifford de moy Bavoir pourras,

      Grant translateur noble Geffroy Chaucier.

L'ENVOY

      Poëte hauls loenge destynie

      En ton jardin ne seroie qu'ortie

      Considere ce que j'ai dit premier

      Ton noble plant, ta douce melodie

      Mais pour savoir de rescripre te prie,

      Grant translateur noble Geoffroy Chaucier."

      The new readings are in Italics, and I shall now repeat them with the corresponding words as printed by sir Harris Nicolas:—

      "Anglais=angles; Ouï des grans=Ovides grans; Virgiles=Aigles; d'Angela=dangels; sont=font; A ja=N'a pas; buvraige=ouvrage; rafrener=rafrecir; soif=soix; Qui men=Qu'en ma; En=Et."

      After such an exhibition of various readings, arising out of only two copies of the same manuscript, it is evident that a re-collation of it is very desirable, and I am sure the result would be thankfully received by the numerous admirers of Chaucer.

BOLTON CORNEY.

      Eustache Deschamps (Vol. ii., p. 376.).—J.M.B. is desirous of learning some particulars of this French poet, contemporaneous with Chaucer. He will find a brief notice of him in the Recueil de Chants Historiques Français, depuis le XIIème jusqu'au XVIIIème Siècle, by Le Roux de Lincy (2 vols. Paris, 1841, Libraire de Charles Espelin). He is there described as,

      "Ecuyer et huissier d'armes des rois Charles V. et Charles VI., qui resta toujours fidèle à la maison de France;"

      And the editor adds:

      "Les œuvres d'Eustache Deschamps contiennent pour l'histoire du XIVème siècle des renseignemens précieux; on peut y recueillir des faits politiques qui ne sont pas sans importance, mais on y trouve en plus grand nombre des détails précieux sur les mœurs, les usages, et les coutumes de cette époque."

      His poems were published for the first time in one vol. 8vo., in 1832, by M. Crapelet, with this title:

      "Poésies morales et historiques d'Eustache Deschamps, écuyer, huissier d'armes des rois Charles V. et Charles VI., chatelain de Fismes et bailli de Senlis."

      As regards the "genuineness" of the poem cited, I am inclined, with J.M.B., to think that it admits of question, the orthography savouring more of the end of the fifteenth than of the close of the fourteenth century. I am sorry not to be able to explain the meaning of "la langue Pandras."

D.C.

      NOTES ON THE SECOND EDITION OF MR. CUNNINGHAM'S HANDBOOK OF LONDON

      21. New Tunbridge Wells, at Islington.—This fashionable morning lounge of the nobility and gentry during the early part of the eighteenth century, is omitted by Mr. Cunningham. There is a capital view of it in Bickham's Musical Entertainer, 1737:

      "These once beautiful tea-gardens (we remember them as such) were formerly in high repute. In 1733 their Royal Highnesses the Princesses Amelia and Caroline frequented them in the summer time for the purpose of drinking the waters. They have furnished a subject for pamphlets, poems, plays, songs, and medical treatises, by Ned Ward, George Colman the older, Bickham, Dr. Hugh Smith, &c. Nothing now remains of them but the original chalybeate spring, which is still preserved in an obscure nook, amidst a poverty-stricken and squalid rookery of misery and vice."—George Daniel's Merrie England in the Olden Time, vol. i. p. 31.

      22. London Spa (from which Spa Fields derives its name) dates as far back as 1206. In the eighteenth century, it was a celebrated place of amusement. There is a curious view of "London Spaw" in a rare pamphlet entitled May-Day, or, The Original of Garlands. Printed for J. Roberts, 1720, 8vo.

      23. Spring Gardens.—Cox's Museum is described in the printed catalogue of СКАЧАТЬ