Название: RF/Microwave Engineering and Applications in Energy Systems
Автор: Abdullah Eroglu
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited
Жанр: Техническая литература
isbn: 9781119268819
isbn:
In a spherical coordinate system, unit vectors are defined as
(1.9)
which leads to
(1.10b)
(1.10b)
(1.10c)
1.2.1.2 Vector Operations and Properties
Dot Product
The dot product between two vectors results in a scalar quantity. One simple application example for a dot product is the work that is done by a force for displacement from one point to another. Consider vectors
and shown in Figure 1.2a. The dot product of these two vectors are then expressed as(1.11)
If θ between two vectors is 90°, then the dot product of these two vectors is equal to zero.
Figure 1.2 (a) Representation of vectors
and for dot product. (b) Representation of vectorsFigure 1.3 Unit vector representation in a Cartesian coordinate system.
Cross Product
The cross product between two vectors is also a vector. The magnitude of the cross product of
(1.12)
(1.13)
Vector Operation Properties for Dot and Cross Products
Some of the properties for dot and cross products are given below
(1.14a)
(1.14b)
(1.15a)
(1.15b)
(1.16a)