Statistical Approaches for Hidden Variables in Ecology. Nathalie Peyrard

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      1 1 This hypothesis is helpful from a mathematical perspective, and results in efficient hidden state reconstruction algorithms. From a modeling perspective, its use is debatable, since it implies that the individual has no memory of its past trajectory.

      2 2 One degree of longitude at the equator does not correspond to the same distance as 1 degree of longitude at the 45th parallel, for example.

      3 3 The “bivariate velocity” model can still be interpreted a posteriori using the classic step length/angle approach, as shown here. In our example, as the majority of turning angles are close to 0, the Vp component of the metric is closely correlated with the step length.

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