Immersive Technologies to Accelerate Innovation. Simon Richir

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Figure 1.4. Example of a collaborative work situation with augmented reality flow visualization (created with the Time2Teach virtual reality tool) on a tangible air filter, using a Hololens headset and a tablet. For a color version of this figure, see www.iste.co.uk/fleury/innovation.zip

      There are also apps available to create 3D sketches directly on tablets and smartphones. Combining 3D sketches with augmented reality can be a simple, inexpensive and effective solution for ideation (Pelland et al. 2019).

      1.4.6.6. Virtual reality sketches

      Virtual reality is used to create immersive models, in exterior or interior view, to present to project partners. It is possible to view a CAD model immersively, but there are also various programs that can create 3D models from virtual reality equipment. Generating concepts in 3D could be ideal for reducing the time until reaching the engineering process (Pelland et al. 2019). Gravity Sketch is one software package for users to work on 3D sketches. Time2Sketch is another example of software, developed by our team, that allows for multi-user sketch creation, among other things.

      1.4.6.6. Model generation by artificial intelligence

      Evolutionary algorithms are usually used to solve software engineering problems. Due to the success of these artificial intelligences, engineers have developed machine learning to calculate an ideal design for a problem with multiple variables. These machine-made digital designs are called “Generative Models”. If these models are not yet able to provide satisfactory final designs, they can on the other hand propose automatic deformations on existing models in order to lead the designer to explore shapes that he or she would not necessarily have considered alone. This process requires significant computing power, and many hours of processing. Despite this, the generated models have an obvious potential for the future of design.