Civil Government in the United States Considered with Some Reference to Its Origins. Fiske John

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СКАЧАТЬ Mayflower compact (1620)

      The "Fundamental Orders" of Connecticut (1639)

      Germinal development of the colonial charter toward the modern state constitution

      Abnormal development of some recent state constitutions, encroaching upon the legislature

      The process of amending constitutions

      The Swiss "Referendum"

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT

      SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS

      BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

      CHAPTER VIII.

       Table of Contents

      THE FEDERAL UNION.

      Section 1. Origin of the Federal Union.

      Circumstances favourable to the union of the colonies. The New England Confederacy (1643–84). Albany Congress (1754); Stamp Act Congress (1765); Committees of Correspondence (1772–75). The Continental Congress (1774–89). The several states were never at any time sovereign states. The Articles of Confederation. Nature and powers of the Continental Congress. It could not impose taxes, and therefore was not fully endowed with sovereignty. Decline of the Continental Congress. Weakness of the sentiment of union; anarchical tendencies. The Federal Convention (1787).

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT.

      Section 2. The Federal Congress.

      The House of Representatives. The three fifths compromise. The Connecticut compromise. The Senate. Electoral districts; the "Gerrymander". The election at large. Time of assembling. Privileges of members. The Speaker. Impeachment in England; in the United States. The president's veto power.

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT.

      Section 3. The Federal Executive.

      The title of "President". The electoral college. The twelfth amendment. The electoral commission (1877). Provisions against a lapse of the presidency.

      Original purpose of the electoral college not fulfilled

      Electors formerly chosen in many states by districts; now always on a general ticket

      "Minority presidents"

      Advantages of the electoral system

      Nomination of candidates by congressional caucus (1800–24)

      Nominating conventions; the "primary"; the district convention; the national convention

      Qualifications for the presidency; the term of office

      Powers and duties of the president

      The president's message

      Executive departments; the cabinet

      The secretary of state

      Diplomatic and consular service

      The secretary of the treasury

      The other departments

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT

      Section 4. The Nation and the States.

      Difference between confederation and federal union

      Powers granted to Congress

      The "Elastic Clause"

      Powers denied to the states

      Evils of an inconvertible paper currency

      Powers denied to Congress

      Bills of attainder

      Intercitizenship; mode of mating amendments

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT

      Section 5. The Federal Judiciary.

      Need for a federal judiciary

      Federal courts and judges

      District attorneys and marshals

      The federal jurisdiction

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT

      Section 6. Territorial Government.

      The Northwest Territory and the Ordinance of 1787

      Other territories and their government

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT

      Section 7. Ratification and Amendments.

      Provisions for ratification

      Concessions to slavery

      Demand for a bill of rights

      The first ten amendments

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT

      Section 8. A Few Words about Politics.

      Federal taxation

      Hamilton's policy; excise; tariff

      Origin of American political parties; strict and loose construction of the Elastic Clause

      Tariff, Internal Improvements, and National Bank.

      Civil Service reform

      Origin of the "spoils system" in the state polities of New Tort and

       Pennsylvania

      "Rotation in office;" the Crawford Act

      How the "spoils system" was made national

      The Civil Service Act of 1883

      The Australian ballot

      The English system of accounting for election expenses

      QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT

      SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND DIRECTIONS

      BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

      APPENDIX.

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