The Great Debate That Made the U.S. Constitution. Madison James

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СКАЧАТЬ & felonies at sea & of counterfeiting Coin & of all offences against the Laws of Nations

      To call forth the aid of the Militia to execute the laws of the Union enforce treaties suppress insurrections and repel invasions

      And to make all laws for carrying the foregoing powers into execution.

      The Legislature of the United States shall have the Power to declare the Punishment of Treason which shall consist only in levying War against the United States or any of them or in adhering to their Enemies. No person shall be convicted of Treason but by the testimony of two witnesses.

      The proportion of direct taxation shall be regulated by the whole number of inhabitants of every description which number shall within — — years after the first meeting of the Legislature & within the term of every — — year after be taken in the manner to be prescribed by the Legislature

      No Tax shall be laid on articles exported from the States — nor capitation tax but in proportion to the Census before directed

      All Laws regulating Commerce shall require the assent of two thirds of the members present in each house — The United States shall not grant any title of Nobility — The Legislature of the United States shall pass no Law on the subject of Religion, nor touching or abridging the Liberty of the Press nor shall the privilege of the writ of Habeas Corpus ever be suspended except in case of Rebellion or Invasion.

      All acts made by the Legislature of the United States pursuant to this Constitution & all Treaties made under the authority of the United States shall be the supreme Law of the land & all Judges shall be bound to consider them as such in their decisions.

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      The Senate shall have the sole & exclusive power to declare War & to make treaties & to appoint Ambassadors & other Ministers to foreign nations & Judges of the Supreme Court.

      They shall have the exclusive power to regulate the manner of deciding all disputes & controversies now subsisting or which may arise between the States respecting Jurisdiction or Territory.

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      The Executive Power of the United States shall be vested in a President of the United States of America which shall be his style & his title shall be His Excellency. He shall be elected for — — years & shall be reeligible.

      He shall from time to time give information to the Legislature of the state of the Union & recommend to their consideration the measures he may think necessary — he shall take care that the laws of the United States be duly executed: he shall commission all the officers of the United States & except as to Ambassadors other ministers and Judges of the Supreme Court he shall nominate & with the consent of the Senate appoint all other officers of the United States. He shall receive public Ministers from foreign nations & may correspond with the Executives of the different States. He shall have power to grant pardons & reprieves except in impeachments — He shall be Commander in chief of the army & navy of the United States & of the Militia of the several States & shall receive a compensation which shall not be increased or diminished during his continuance in office. At entering on the Duties of his office he shall take an oath faithfully to execute the duties of a President of the United States. — He shall be removed from his office on impeachment by the house of Delegates & Conviction in the Supreme Court of Treason bribery or Corruption — In case of his removal death resignation or disability the President of the Senate shall exercise the duties of his office until another President be chosen — & in case of the death of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Delegates shall do so.

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      The Legislature of the United States shall have the Power and it shall be their duty to establish such Courts of Law Equity & Admiralty as shall be necessary — The Judges of the Courts shall hold their offices during good behaviour & receive a compensation, which shall not be increased or diminished during their continuance in office — One of these Courts shall be termed the Supreme Court whose jurisdiction shall extend to all cases arising under the laws of the United States or affecting ambassadors other public Ministers & Consuls — to the trial of impeachment of officers of the United States — to all cases of Admiralty & maritime jurisdiction — In cases of impeachment affecting ambassadors and other public Ministers this Jurisdiction shall be original & in all other cases appellate — —

      All criminal offences (except in cases of impeachment) shall be tried in the State where they shall be committed — the trials shall be open & public & shall be by Jury.

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      Immediately after the first census of the people of the United States the House of Delegates shall apportion the Senate by electing for each State out of the citizens resident therein one Senator for every — — members each State shall have in the House of Delegates — Each State shall be entitled to have at least one member in the Senate.

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      No State shall grant letters of marque & reprisal or enter into treaty or alliance or confederation nor grant any title of nobility nor without the Consent of the Legislature of the United States lay any impost on imports — nor keep troops or Ships of War in time of peace — nor enter into compacts with other States or foreign powers or emit bills of Credit or make any thing but Gold Silver or Copper a tender in payment of debts nor engage in War except for self defence when actually invaded or the danger of invasion be so great as not to admit of a delay until the Government of the United States can be informed thereof — & to render these prohibitions effectual the Legislature of the United States shall have the power to revise the laws of the several States that may be supposed to infringe the Powers exclusively delegated by this Constitution to Congress & to negative & annul such as do.

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      The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges & immunities of Citizens in the several States — Any person charged with Crimes in any State fleeing from justice to another shall on demand of the Executive of the State from which he fled be delivered up & removed to the State having jurisdiction of the offence.

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      Full faith shall be given in each State to the acts of the Legislature & to the records & judicial Proceedings of the Courts & magistrates of every State.

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      The Legislature shall have power to admit new States into the Union on the same terms with the original States provided two thirds of the members present in both Houses agree.

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      On the application of the legislature of a State the United States shall protect it against domestic insurrection.

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      If two thirds of the Legislatures of the States apply for the same the Legislature of the United States shall call a Convention for the purpose of amending the Constitution — or should Congress, with the Consent of two thirds of each house, propose to the States amendments to the same — the agreement of two thirds of the Legislatures of the States shall be sufficient to make the said amendments parts of the Constitution.

The Ratification of the conventions of — — States shall be sufficient for organizing this Constitution.СКАЧАТЬ