Message to the People. Marcus Garvey

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      DOVER THRIFT EDITIONS

      GENERAL EDITOR: SUSAN L. RATTINER

       EDITOR OF THIS VOLUME: STEPHANIE CASTILLO SAMOY

       Copyright

      Copyright © 2020 by Dover Publications, Inc.

      All rights reserved.

       Bibliographical Note

      This Dover edition, first published in 2020, is an unabridged republication of a standard edition. The text contains racial, ethnic, and cultural references of the era in which it was written and may be deemed offensive by today’s standards. A new introductory note has been specially prepared for this volume.

       Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Names: Garvey, Marcus, 1887–1940, author.

      Title: Message to the people : the course of African philosophy / Marcus Garvey. Other titles: Course of African philosophy

      Description: Mineola, New York : Dover Publications, Inc., 2020. | Series: Dover Thrift Editions | Includes index. | Summary: “In September 1937, three years before his death, Marcus Garvey, one of the most controversial figures in the history of race relations, assembled his most trusted organizers, from his Universal Negro Improvement Association, at its peak the largest international mass movement in the history of African peoples. He was looking to pass on the life lessons he had learned. For one month he instructed this elite student body, twelve hours a day, seven days a week, on twenty-two lessons with topics ranging from universal knowledge and how to get it, to leadership, character, God, and the social system. Garvey’s lessons were known as the Course of African Philosophy and offer a fascinating distillation of a great leader’s wisdom”— Provided by publisher.

      Identifiers: LCCN 2019052574 | ISBN 9780486842790 (pbk) | ISBN 0486842797 (pbk)

      Subjects: LCSH: African Americans—Race identity—Handbooks, manuals, etc. | African Americans—Education—Handbooks, manuals, etc. | Self-actualization (Psychology)—Handbooks, manuals, etc. | Universal Negro Improvement Association.

      Classification: LCC E185.625 .G37 2020 | DDC 305.896/073—dc23

      LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019052574

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       NOTE

       “Black is beautiful.”

       “I have no desire to take all black people back to Africa; there are blacks who are no good here and will likewise be no good there.”

      WAS MARCUS GARVEY (1887–1940) a unifier or a divider? Depending on whom you asked, the responses were wide-ranging.

      W.E.B. Du Bois, scholar and activist, called Garvey, “the most dangerous enemy of the Negro race in America.”

      Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. laid a wreath at Garvey’s shrine in 1965 and said he “was the first man of color to lead and develop a mass movement. He was the first man on a mass scale and level to give millions of Negroes a sense of dignity and destiny. And make the Negro feel he was somebody.”

      In 2008, Ta-Nehisi Coates, author and journalist, described Garvey as the “patron saint” of the Black nationalist movement.

      Wilson J. Moses, a scholar of African American studies, expressed concern in 1972 about “that uncritical adulation of him that leads to the practice of red baiting and to the divisive rhetoric of ‘Blacker-than-thou’” within African American political circles and that Garvey was wrongly seen as a “man of the people” because he had “enjoyed cultural, economic, and educational advantages few of his Black contemporaries were priviledged [sic] as to know.”

      In 1937, three years before his death, Garvey, one of the most controversial figures in the history of race relations, assembled his most trusted organizers from the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), at its peak the largest international mass movement in the history of African peoples and whose motto was “One God! One Aim! One Destiny!” He was looking to pass on the life lessons he had learned. For one month, he instructed this elite student body, twelve hours a day, seven days a week, on twenty-two lessons, with topics ranging from universal knowledge and how to get it to leadership, character, God, and the social system. Garvey’s lessons were known as “the Course of African Philosophy.”

      Agitator? Hero? Criminal? Prophet?

      Read Message to the People to help you decide.

       CONTENTS

       Oath of the School of African Philosophy

       Lesson 1Intelligence, Education, Universal Knowledge and How to Get It

       Lesson 2Leadership

       Lesson 3Aims and Objects of the U.N.I.A.

       Lesson 4Elocution

       Lesson 5God

       Lesson 6Christ

       Lesson 7Character

       Lesson 8The Social System

       Lesson 9Diplomacy

       Lesson 10Economy

       Lesson 11Man

       Lesson 12The Purpose of Institutions

       Lesson 13The Universe