Advancing the Human Self. Ewa Nowak

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СКАЧАТЬ target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="#ulink_70075211-bf33-500a-9a22-73e6c5b134cd">95 Robert Wilkinson, Nishida and Western philosophy, Farnham, Ashgate, 2009, p. 118.

96 Nishida Kitarō, Intelligibility and the philosophy of nothingness. Three philosophical essays, trans. R. Schinzinger. Westport Conn, Greenwood Press, 1958, p. 197. “The contradictory nature of the self’s mode of being is manifest also in our awareness of our own mortality, our own ‘eternal nothingness: that every living being must die, and that our self faces permanent negation in death,” Wilkinson comments, Nishida and…, p. 118.

97 M. Yama, “Ego consciousness,” p. 53.

98 M. Yama, “Ego consciousness,” p. 53.

99 M. Yama, “Ego consciousness,” p. 53.

100 M. Yama, “Ego consciousness,” p. 57.

101 Obviously, Bakhtin’s “dialogic imagination,” “internal dialogism” and dialogised self may inspire the theorists of narrative self today, see Michael Holquist, The dialogic imagination by M. Bakhtin, Austin, University of Texas Press, 1981, p. 173.

102 According to Aleksander Fiut, Miłosz was “against polyphony and for a variety of voices,” Chapter “The identity game,” idem, The eternal moment. The Poetry of Czesław Miłosz. Trans. T. S. Robertson, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford, University of California Press, 1990, p. 208, note 10. The “variety of voices” permanently rattling and reverberating through our daily ‘self’ can be illustrated with some lines from Miłosz:

      “I am walking about. No longer human.

      Visiting our thick forests and houses and manors.

      (…) I am abstracted

      with disturbing questions from the end of my century,

      mainly regarding the truth, where does it come from …?”

      (Czesław Miłosz, “The Hooks of a Corset”)

103 See Galen Strawson, “Episodic ethics,” in: Daniel D. Hutto (Ed.), Narrative and understanding persons, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007.

104 D. de Rougemont, The myths of love, p. 194.

105 Martina Nida-Rümelin, Der Blick von Innen. Zur transtemporalen Identität bewusstseinsfähiger Wesen, Frankfurt am Main, Suhrkamp, 2006, pp. 48–53.

106 Thomas Nagel, “What is it to be a bat,” in: David J. Chalmers et al. (Eds.), Philosophy of mind classical and contemporary readings, New York, Oxford University Press, 2002.

107 See Sander L. Gilman, “Die Ängste des jüdischen Körpers. Aus Anlass der unwiderstehlichsten Kafka-Biografie, die es bis heute gibt: Reiner Stack lehrt uns, ein Genie neu zu lesen,” Literaturen 2003, vols. 1/2, II, pp. 12–18; also Karel Kosik, “Das Jahrhundert der Grete Samsa. Von der Möglichkeit oder Unmöglichkeit des Tragischen in unserer Zeit,” in: Kurt Krolop, Hans D. Zimmermann (Eds.), Kafka und Prag. Berlin – New York, Walter de Gruyter, 1994, pp. 187–198; Karl-Heinz Fingerhut, “Die Verwandlung,” in: Michael Müller (Ed.), Franz Kafka. Romane und Erzählungen. Interpretationen, Stuttgart, Philipp Reclam, 1994.

108 See M. Nida-Rümelin, Der Blick von Innen, pp. 31, 313.

109 Unlike Metamorphosis, T. R. Brown’s novel includes explicit references to such experiences (see below).

110 In Kafka’s original literary concept Gregor Samsa’s transfiguration allegorically depicts his brutal and absurd alienation from the social context as a Jew, see V. Krischel, Kafka.

111 Eugen Bleuler, “Die Ambivalenz,” in: Manfred Bleuler (Ed.), Beiträge zur Schizophrenielehre der Zürcher Psychiatrischen Universitätsklinik Burghölzli (1902–1971), Darmstadt, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft Darmstadt, 1979, p. 87.

112 It is rooted in the biographical context examined, inter alia, by Sander L. Gilman, “Die Ängste des jüdischen Körpers.” Literaturen 2003, vol. 1/2, II, pp. 12–18; K. Kosik, “Das Jahrhundert der Grete Samsa,“ pp. 187–198.

113 They rather tend to the Buddhist inspirations voiced by M. Yama. See, e.g., John Seed, “The ecological self,” Earth Light Magazine 2005, vol. 14, no. 4; and Matthews Freya, The ecological self, New York, Routledge, 1991; Arne Naess, “The shallow and the deep long-range ecology movement: A summary,” Inquiry 1973, vol. 16, pp. 95–100.

114 On reincarnation (Körperwechsel) and identity see M. Nida-Rümelin, Der Blick von Innen, p. 313.

115 See Karl-Heinz Fingerhut, “Die Verwandlung,” in: Michael Müller (Ed.), Franz Kafka. Romane und Erzählungen. Interpretationen, Stuttgart, Philipp Reclam, 1994, p. 57.

116 Towards the false self and schizoid condition, for example the embodied and unembodied self, see Ronald D. Laing, The divided self. An existential study in sanity and madness. Baltimore, Penguin Books, 1965, p. 65; also M. Ratcliffe, The feelings of being.

117 M. Bleuler, “Die schizophrenen Krankheitsbilder,” in: M. Bleuler, Beiträge zur Schizophrenielehre, pp. 147–162.

118 Indifference towards reality and alienation are the basic symptoms of the desynchronization in schizophrenia.

119 False, misguiding, masking the external, in Arab mashera, in Italian: maschera, in Polish: maska but also maszkara/monster, compare Klaus E. Müller, Der Krüppel. Ethnologia passionis humanae, Munich, C.H. Beck, 1996, p. 234.

120 F. Kafka, Metamorphosis, p. 64.

121 In this volume.

122 Undermining anthropocentrism, humanist idealism, myth or progress, myth of science, and the faith in a linear natural history, see СКАЧАТЬ