Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds (Complete Edition: Volume 1-3). Charles Mackay

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      44. For improving the wrought-iron and steel manufactures of this kingdom. Capital, four millions.

      45. For dealing in lace, Hollands, cambrics, lawns, &c. Capital, two millions.

      46. For trading in and improving certain commodities of the produce of this kingdom, &c. Capital, three millions.

      47. For supplying the London markets with cattle.

      48. For making looking-glasses, coach glasses, &c. Capital, two millions.

      49. For working the tin and lead mines in Cornwall and Derbyshire.

      50. For making rape-oil.

      51. For importing beaver fur. Capital, two millions.

      52. For making pasteboard and packing-paper.

      53. For importing of oils and other materials used in the woollen manufacture.

      54. For improving and increasing the silk manufactures.

      55. For lending money on stock, annuities, tallies, &c.

      56. For paying pensions to widows and others, at a small discount. Capital, two millions.

      57. For improving malt liquors. Capital, four millions.

      58. For a grand American fishery.

      59. For purchasing and improving the fenny lands in Lincolnshire. Capital, two millions.

      60. For improving the paper manufacture of Great Britain.

      61. The Bottomry Company.

      62. For drying malt by hot air.

      63. For carrying on a trade in the river Oronooko.

      64. For the more effectual making of baize, in Colchester and other parts of Great Britain.

      65. For buying of naval stores, supplying the victualling, and paying the wages of the workmen.

      66. For employing poor artificers, and furnishing merchants and others with watches.

      67. For improvement of tillage and the breed of cattle.

      68. Another for the improvement of our breed of horses.

      69. Another for a horse-insurance.

      70. For carrying on the corn trade of Great Britain.

      71. For insuring to all masters and mistresses the losses they may sustain by servants. Capital, three millions.

      72. For erecting houses or hospitals, for taking in and maintaining illegitimate children. Capital, two millions.

      73. For bleaching coarse sugars, without the use of fire or loss of substance.

      74. For building turnpikes and wharfs in Great Britain.

      75. For insuring from thefts and robberies.

      76. For extracting silver from lead.

      77. For making China and Delft ware. Capital, one million.

      78. For importing tobacco, and exporting it again to Sweden and the north of Europe. Capital, four millions.

      79. For making iron with pit coal.

      80. For furnishing the cities of London and Westminster with hay and straw. Capital, three millions.

      81. For a sail and packing cloth manufactory in Ireland.

      82. For taking up ballast.

      83. For buying and fitting out ships to suppress pirates.

      84. For the importation of timber from Wales. Capital, two millions.

      85. For rock-salt.

      86. For the transmutation of quicksilver into a malleable fine metal.

      Besides these bubbles, many others sprang up daily, in spite of the condemnation of the Government and the ridicule of the still sane portion of the public. The print-shops teemed with caricatures, and the newspapers with epigrams and satires, upon the prevalent folly. An ingenious card-maker published a pack of South Sea playing-cards, which are now extremely rare, each card containing, besides the usual figures, of a very small size, in one corner, a caricature of a bubble company, with appropriate verses underneath. One of the most famous bubbles was "Puckle's Machine Company," for discharging round and square cannon-balls and bullets, and making a total revolution in the art of war. Its pretensions to public favour were thus summed up, on the eight of spades:—

      A rare invention to destroy the crowd

       Of fools at home, instead of fools abroad.

       Fear not, my friends, this terrible machine,

       They're only wounded who have shares therein.

      The nine of hearts was a caricature of the English Copper and Brass Company, with the following epigram:—

      The headlong fool that wants to be a swopper

       Of gold and silver coin for English copper,

       May, in Change Alley, prove himself an ass,

       And give rich metal for adulterate brass.

      The eight of diamonds celebrated the Company for the Colonization of Acadia, with this doggrel:—

      He that is rich and wants to fool away

       A good round sum in North America,

       Let him subscribe himself a headlong sharer,

       And asses' ears shall honour him or bearer.

      And in a similar style every card of the pack exposed some knavish scheme, and ridiculed the persons who were its dupes. It was computed that the total amount of the sums proposed for carrying on these projects was upwards of three hundred millions sterling, a sum so immense that it exceeded the value of all the lands in England at twenty years' purchase.

      It is time, however, to return to the great South Sea gulf, that swallowed the fortunes of so many thousands of the avaricious and the credulous. On the 29th of May, the stock had risen as high as five hundred, and about two-thirds of the government annuitants had exchanged the securities of the state for those of the South Sea Company. During the whole of the month of May the stock continued to rise, and on the 28th it was quoted at five hundred and fifty. In four days after this it took a prodigious leap, rising suddenly from five hundred and fifty to eight hundred and ninety. It was now the general opinion that the stock could rise no higher, and many persons took that opportunity of selling out, with a view of realising their profits. Many noblemen and persons in the train of the King, and about to accompany him to Hanover, were also anxious to sell out. So many sellers, and so few buyers, appeared in the Alley on the 3rd of June, that the stock СКАЧАТЬ