Harmonious Economics or The New World Order. Vladimir Emelyanovich Chabanov

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ emphasis on the peculiarities of class war rather than class cooperation, and encouraged collaboration over competition.

      The governance within such system turned out to be overcentralized, as the result, the ruling elites acquired all-embracing power. The worker became just a cog in the production machine, well cared for (the Soviet social security system is still unrivalled), but deprived of all rights. And this lack of harmony eventually conditioned the collapse of the socialist system.

      Resuming what has been said above, it is possible to conclude that neither the capitalist, nor the socialist economic models is perfect. Neither of the two has reconciled labour differentiation and cooperation, the private and the common, the functioning of the active and the passive social forces. Therefore, the economic success of both capitalist and socialist countries was less impressive than it could have been provided the current scientific, technological and human intellectual development.

      In order to elaborate the harmonious approach to this phenomenon, we shall consider that economics is a science that studies the mechanisms of increasing human labour productivity and assuring better life quality for the population. Importantly, the life quality of the current generation, as well as of all the subsequent generations. Economics should encourage human integration in the Natural ecosystem; it should abide by the laws of this ecosystem and increase the moral and cultural level of the human society. This science is supposed to reinforce the moral principles of society, instead of annihilating them. It should stimulate a coordinated evolvement of the entire human society and consider a human being as part of the Universe executing its specific functions, and not as an ordinary consumer, who pursues his selfish goal or become a victim of the desire of others.

      This monograph is dedicated to the description of the main rules and forms of such organisation.

      Without any doubt, this will be a completely different economics. Therefore, neither the capitalist, nor the socialist theories is fully suitable for it. The main objective here is not prioritizing the interest of any of the parties, as we can witness in the current economic relations, but enlarging the scope of economic activities so that everybody could have their fair share.

      The harmonisation of economic relations will render the society more human, it will become stronger, kinder, and more spiritually developed. Besides, an enormous amount of human energy will be liberated and directed towards production rather than struggle for existence. The ultimate goal will be prosperity for all instead of well-being of the privileged few; normal life instead of bare survival. That is why the economic model corresponding to these principles will be called harmonious economics. This means self-consistent, orderly, where parts will be coordinated with the whole to make one organism that will oppose the chaos.

      Harmonious economics will resort to both differentiation and cooperation of labour, and complete both individual and social functions of production to integrate both the strong and the weak into society. Money will become obedient servant of humans, instead of capricious master that it is now. Taxes will no more function as a mechanism for income alienation, but as a tool for income increase.

      Such economics will benefit entrepreneurs as much as wage workers. The rules of conduct will encourage the exchange of labour products, as well as fairness and harmony of human relationships, and will not destroy them any more. All types of property will exist and prove useful through fair competition. This means that none of the useful factors will be abandoned but all of them will be combined harmoniously. Such organisation will be very natural, as in Nature all things rationally coexist.

      If the purpose of economics is well-being of the few at any expense, then capitalism is the best model to apply. If it is needed to reinforce the state at any expense, then the socialist model is the best choice. But if the country seeks prosperity of the entire nation and of every single individual in it, then neither of the model is sufficient. Such a purpose requires a fundamentally different type of economic ideology. And it is obvious that different economic doctrine cannot be created following the same standards or share common rules or ideology.

      1.2.2. Fundamental purpose of harmonious economics

      From now on we shall hold that the mission of economics is encouraging harmonious integration of humans in the Natural ecosystem, abiding by its laws, increasing the productivity of human labour and assuring smooth development of society. In this event, the model to emulate is not the economic organisation of the US, of Japan or any other state, as we have been trying to do, but the natural order of things. Obviously, none of the countries mentioned is ideal. It is better to use nature as the perfect standard rather than resort to any surrogate models. This does not mean that the experience of others should not be taken into account; however, it should be applied selectively, as part of the coordinated system of natural patterns.

      How can the purpose of economics be formulated so as to reflect this principle?

      When studying the harmonious laws of economic organisation, we shall from now on consider that the purpose of economy as any other productive activity is satisfying the needs of individuals and of the entire human community. Indeed, “Consumption is the sole end and purpose of all production…” (Adam Smith ^[31]). John Keynes echoes this idea: “Consumption – to repeat the obvious – is the sole end and object of all economic activity’ ^[33].

      So, it is not the generation of profit, income or money at any expense, as it might be concluded from the present-day economic theories, but working out the ways to assure best life of the individuals. Without any doubt, this assumption does not exclude the existence of income, however, it is not dominant, and is not achieved at the cost of others. The source of income is in increasing the productivity of common labour, not in the redistribution of its results.

      Here, besides the everyday needs, prospective future needs also should be taken into account, not for one current generation, but for the subsequent generations, as well. Achieving this is the main mission of economics. All other purposes should be subordinated to this one, as otherwise they are pointless. Economics is meant to serve all people, not only some of them.

      Thus, economics does not function for the sake of production process, for generation of structures, values, profit, or money, for serving ideology or idols, but for satisfying the needs of people. This includes all people: rich and poor; white, yellow and black; young and old; clever and stupid; strong and weak; healthy and ill. If God has created them all, it is because they are all needed, and it is not human business to rectify God’s plans. Economics should work for people, and people should not serve economics. Therefore, it is doubtless that the sole criterion of economics perfection is the completion of its function.

      Despite this idea being evident, history has known many variations in the way economic policies of countries have been interpreted. For instance, socialist system presented the purpose of economics as reinforcement of the state and construction of the material and technical basis of communism: “Our goal is communism!” was the most popular motto in the USSR. Nevertheless, a significant part of communist construction projects did not return the expenses; excessive emphasis on social needs led to underestimation of private needs of individuals, and excessive centralisation caused communism to degrade. All these factors eventually conditioned the insufficient productivity of socialist economics.

      The main purpose of capitalist economics is generation of profit and increase of income, whatever the consequences for Nature and the society. At the same time “workers themselves appear as that which they are in capitalist production – mere means of production, not an end in themselves and not the aim of production’СКАЧАТЬ