1
Gallatin to his wife, Jan. 15, 1801, Adams: Life of Albert Gallatin, 252; also Bryan: History of the National Capital, i, 357-58.
2
First Forty Years of Washington Society: Hunt, 11.
3
Ib.; and see Wolcott to his wife, July 4, 1800, Gibbs: Administrations of Washington and John Adams, ii, 377.
4
Plumer to Thompson, Jan. 1, 1803, Plumer MSS. Lib. Cong.
5
Gallatin to his wife, Jan. 15, 1801, Adams: Gallatin, 252-53.
7
Gallatin to his wife, supra.
9
A few of these are still standing and occupied.
10
Gallatin to his wife, supra; also Wharton: Social Life in the Early Republic, 58-59.
11
Gallatin to his wife, Aug. 17, 1802, Adams: Gallatin, 304.
12
Wolcott to his wife, July 4, 1800, Gibbs, ii, 377.
13
Otis to his wife, Feb. 28, 1815, Morison: Life and Letters of Harrison Gray Otis, ii, 170-71. This letter is accurately descriptive of travel from the National Capital to Baltimore as late as 1815 and many years afterward.
"The Bladensburg run, before we came to the bridge, was happily in no one place above the Horses bellies. – As we passed thro', the driver pointed out to us the spot, right under our wheels, where all the stage horses last year were drowned, but then he consoled us by shewing the tree, on which all the Passengers but one, were saved. Whether that one was gouty or not, I did not enquire…
"We … arriv'd safe at our first stage, Ross's, having gone at a rate rather exceeding two miles & an half per hour… In case of a break Down or other accident, … I should be sorry to stick and freeze in over night (as I have seen happen to twenty waggons) for without an extraordinary thaw I could not be dug out in any reasonable dinner-time the next day."
Of course conditions were much worse in all parts of the country, except the longest and most thickly settled sections.
14
Parton: Life of Thomas Jefferson, 622.
15
Plumer to his wife, Jan. 25, 1807, Plumer MSS. Lib. Cong.
16
Memoirs of John Quincy Adams: Adams, iv, 74; and see Quincy: Life of Josiah Quincy, 186.
Bayard wrote to Rodney: "four months [in Washington] almost killed me." (Bayard to Rodney, Feb. 24, 1804, N. Y. Library Bulletin, iv, 230.)
17
Margaret Smith to Susan Smith, Dec. 26, 1802, Hunt, 33; also Mrs. Smith to her husband, July 8, 1803, ib. 41; and Gallatin to his wife, Aug. 17, 1802, Adams: Gallatin, 304-05.
18
King to Gore, Aug. 20, 1803, Life and Correspondence of Rufus King: King, iv, 294; and see Adams: History of the United States, iv, 31.
19
Gallatin to his wife, Jan. 15, 1801, Adams: Gallatin, 253.
20
Wharton: Social Life, 60.
22
Plumer to Lowndes, Dec. 30, 1805, Plumer: Life of William Plumer, 244.
"The wilderness, alias the federal city." (Plumer to Tracy, May 2, 1805, Plumer MSS. Lib. Cong.)
23
Story to Fay, Feb. 16, 1808, Life and Letters of Joseph Story: Story, i, 161.
24
This was a little Presbyterian church building, which was abandoned after 1800. (Bryan, i, 232; and see Hunt, 13-14.)
25
Memoirs of Lieut. – General Scott, 9-10. Among the masses of the people, however, a profound religious movement was beginning. (See Semple: History of the Rise and Progress of the Baptists in Virginia; and Cleveland: Great Revival in the West.)
A year or two later, religious services were held every Sunday afternoon in the hall of the House of Representatives, which always was crowded on these occasions. The throng did not come to worship, it appears; seemingly, the legislative hall was considered to be a convenient meeting-place for gossip, flirtation, and social gayety. The plan was soon abandoned and the hall left entirely to profane usages. (Bryan, i, 606-07.)
26
Gallatin to his wife, Jan. 15, 1801, Adams: Gallatin, 253.
27
Wharton: Social Life, 72.
29
See Merry to Hammond, Dec. 7, 1803, as quoted in Adams: U.S.
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