A Synopsis of the Birds of North America. John James Audubon

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ edged above with dark brown; a broader band of reddish-brown behind the eye; quills, coverts, and tail barred with blackish-brown; secondary and first row of small coverts tipped with white, shafts of the latter also white; throat greyish-white, lower parts light reddish-buff, deeper behind; lower tail-coverts white, barred with black. Female lighter above, tinged with grey beneath, without white on the wing-coverts.

      Male, 51/2, 71/2.

      From Texas to New York, along the Atlantic coast. In the interior to the Missouri, and up the Ohio to Pittsburgh. Resident in the Southern States. Abundant.

      Great Carolina Wren, Certhia Caroliniana, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. ii. p. 61.

      Troglodytes ludovicianus, Bonap. Syn. p. 93.

      Great Carolina Mocking Wren, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 429.

      Great Carolina Wren, Troglodytes ludovicianus, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 399; v. v. p. 466.

      118. 3. Troglodytes Bewickii, Aud. Bewick's Wren

      Plate XVIII. Male.

      Bill more slender than that of the last, nearly as long as the head, slightly arched; wing very short, with the fifth quill longest, but little exceeding the fourth and sixth; tail rather long, graduated. Upper parts dusky brown tinged with grey; lower greyish-white, the sides tinged with brown; a band of yellowish-white from the upper mandible over the eye to half-way down the neck; quills and wing-coverts barred with dusky, as are the tail-coverts and two middle tail-feathers; outer web of the lateral tail-feathers, and the terminal portions of the others whitish, barred with black, their middle parts black, toward the base barred with reddish-brown.

      Male, 5, 61/2.

      From Louisiana to Columbia River on the one hand, and to Pennsylvania on the other, principally on high grounds. Not very common. Migratory.

      Bewick's Wren, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 434.

      Bewick's Wren, Troglodytes Bewickii, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 96; v. v. p. 467.

      119. 4. Troglodytes Americanus, Aud. Wood-Wren

      Plate CLXXIX. Male.

      Bill of moderate length, nearly straight; wings short, with the third, fourth, and fifth quills almost equal, the fourth longest; tail rather long, much rounded. Upper parts dark reddish-brown, duller and tinged with grey on the head, indistinctly barred with dusky; lower parts brownish-grey, faintly barred on the fore neck, breast, and sides, the abdomen and lower tail-coverts distinctly barred; feathers of the cheeks light grey tipped with brown, wings and tail undulatingly banded with blackish-brown.

      Male, 47/8, 63/4.

      Northern parts of Vermont and Maine, during summer. Winters in South Carolina. Not very rare.

      Wood-Wren, Troglodytes Americana. Aud. Orn. Biog. v. ii. p. 452; v. v. p. 469.

      120. 5. Troglodytes ædon, Vieill. House-Wren

      Plate LXXXIII. Male, Female, and Young.

      Bill of moderate length, nearly straight, a little stouter than that of the last; wings short, with the third, fourth, and fifth quills almost equal, the fourth longest; tail rather short, much rounded. Upper parts dull reddish-brown, darker on the head, brighter on the tail-coverts, indistinctly barred with dusky; lower parts brownish-grey, faintly barred on the fore neck and breast, the sides, abdomen, and lower tail-coverts distinctly barred; feathers of the cheeks grey, tipped with brown; wings and tail undulatingly banded with blackish-brown. This species differs from the last in being considerably smaller, in having the bill shorter and stouter, the lower parts more tinged with brown; but the colouring of the two is extremely similar.

      Male, 41/2, 51/2.

      From Maryland to Nova Scotia, and across the continent to the Columbia River. Very abundant. Migratory.

      House Wren, Sylvia domestica, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 129.

      Troglodytes ædon, Bonap. Syn. p. 92.

      House Wren, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 422.

      Troglodytes ædon, House Wren, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 316.

      House Wren, Troglodytes ædon, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 427; v. v. p. 470.

      121. 6. Troglodytes hyemalis, Vieill. Winter-Wren

      Plate CCCLX. Fig. 1. Male. Fig. 2. Female. Fig. 3. Young.

      Bill of moderate length, nearly straight; wings shortish, with the fourth quill longest; tail short, much rounded. Upper parts reddish-brown, faintly barred with dusky, darker on the head, brighter on the tail-coverts, quills, and tail; lower parts pale reddish-brown, the sides and abdomen barred with brownish-black and greyish-white; fore neck and breast more faintly barred; lower wing-coverts and axillars greyish-white, barred with dusky, lower tail-coverts brownish-red, barred with dusky, and having the tip white; a whitish streak over the eye; cheeks brown, spotted with brownish-white; secondary coverts, and first small coverts, each with a white spot at the tip, forming two inconspicuous bands; wing-coverts and quills banded with blackish-brown and brownish-red; tail with twelve dusky bands.

      This species is very nearly allied to Troglodytes Europæus.

      Male, 37/8, 61½/12. Female, 35/8, 53/8.

      Generally distributed in the middle and southern districts during winter. Breeds from Pennsylvania northwards to Hudson's Bay. Columbia River.

      Winter-Wren, Sylvia Troglodytes, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 139.

      Troglodytes europæus, Bonap. Syn. p. 93.

      Troglodytes hyemalis, Winter Wren, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 318.

      Winter-Wren, Troglodytes hyemalis, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 427.

      Winter-Wren, Troglodytes hyemalis, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 430.

      122. 7. Troglodytes Parkmanii, Aud. Parkman's Wren

      Bill rather long, slightly arched (much longer, stouter, and more curved than that of the last species); wings of moderate length, with the fourth quill longest; tail rather long, much rounded, (half an inch longer, and more rounded). Upper parts reddish-brown, faintly barred with dusky; lower parts dull brownish-white, sides barred with brownish-black and greyish-white, fore neck and breast with scarcely any markings, lower wing-coverts and axillars greyish-white, obscurely barred with dusky.

      Length, 42/12, wing 21/4.

      Columbia River. Not very rare.

      Parkman's Wren, Troglodytes Parkmanii, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 310.

      123. 8. Troglodytes palustris, Wils. Marsh Wren

      Plate C. Male and Female.

      Bill rather long, slightly arched; wings short, with the fourth quill longest. Upper parts dark brown, the sides of the head deeper, the fore part of the back brownish-black, longitudinally and conspicuously streaked with white, the quills externally margined with lighter brown, the tail barred with dark brown; a white СКАЧАТЬ