The Life of John Marshall, Volume 1: Frontiersman, soldier, lawmaker, 1755-1788. Albert J. Beveridge
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Название: The Life of John Marshall, Volume 1: Frontiersman, soldier, lawmaker, 1755-1788

Автор: Albert J. Beveridge

Издательство: Public Domain

Жанр: Биографии и Мемуары

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isbn: http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/40388

isbn:

СКАЧАТЬ served as effectually as Washington's soldiers. (See Trevelyan, iv, 298-99.)

363

Trevelyan, iv, 290.

364

The huts were fourteen by sixteen feet, and twelve soldiers occupied each hut. (Sparks, 245.)

365

"The men were literally naked [Feb. 1] some of them in the fullest extent of the word." (Von Steuben, as quoted in Kapp, 118.)

366

Hist. Mag., v, 170.

367

Washington to President of Congress, Dec. 23, 1777; Writings: Ford, vi, 260.

368

Marshall, i, 213.

369

Ib., 215.

370

Washington to President of Congress, Dec. 23, 1777; Writings: Ford, vi, 258.

371

"The poor soldiers were half naked, and had been half starved, having been compelled, for weeks, to subsist on simple flour alone and this too in a land almost literally flowing with milk and honey." (Watson's description after visiting the camp, Watson, 63.)

372

Marshall (1st ed.), iii, 341.

373

Hist. Mag., v, 131.

374

Ib.

375

Ib., 132.

376

Hist. Mag., v, 132-33.

377

Hist. Mag., v, 131-32.

378

Trevelyan, iv, 297.

379

Ib. For putrid condition of the camp in March and April, 1778, see Weedon, 254-55 and 288-89.

380

Trevelyan, iv, 298.

381

Ib.

382

Personal narrative; Shreve, Mag. Amer. Hist., Sept., 1897, 568.

383

Trevelyan, iv, 298.

384

Washington to President of Congress, Dec. 22, 1777; Writings: Ford, vi, 253.

385

Washington to President of Congress, Dec. 23, 1777; ib., 257.

386

General Varnum to General Greene, Feb. 12, 1778, Washington MSS., Lib. Cong., no. 21. No wonder the desertions were so great. It was not only starvation and death but the hunger-crazed soldiers "had daily temptations thrown out to them of the most alluring nature," by the British and Loyalists. (Chastellux, translator's note to 51.)

387

Marshall, i, 227.

388

Ib.

389

Hist. Mag., v, 132. This is, probably, an exaggeration. The British were extremely harsh, however, as is proved by the undenied testimony of eye-witnesses and admittedly authentic documentary evidence. For their treatment of American prisoners see Dandridge: American Prisoners of the Revolution, a trustworthy compilation of sources. For other outrages see Clark's Diary, Proc., N.J. Hist. Soc., vii, 96; Moore's Diary, ii, 183. For the Griswold affair see Niles: Principles and Acts of the Revolution, 143-44. For transportation of captured Americans to Africa and Asia see Franklin's letter to Lord Stormont, April 2, 1777; Franklin's Writings: Smyth, vii, 36-38; also Moore's Diary, i, 476. For the murder of Jenny M'Crea see Marshall, i, 200, note 9, Appendix, 25; and Moore's Diary, i, 476; see also Miner: History of Wyoming, 222-36; and British officer's letter to Countess of Ossory, Sept. 1, 1777; Pa. Mag. Hist. and Biog., i, footnote to 289; and Jefferson to Governor of Detroit, July 22, 1779; Cal. Va. St. Prs., i, 321. For general statement see Marshall (1st ed.), iii, 59. These are but a few of the many similar sources that might be cited.

390

Trevelyan, iv, 299.

391

Marshall, i, 227.

392

John Marshall's father was also at Valley Forge during the first weeks of the encampment and was often Field Officer of the Day. (Weedon.) About the middle of January he left for Virginia to take command of the newly raised State Artillery Regiment. (Memorial of Thomas Marshall; supra.) John Marshall's oldest brother, Thomas Marshall, Jr., seventeen years of age, was commissioned captain in a Virginia State Regiment at this time. (Heitman, 285.) Thus all the male members of the Marshall family, old enough to bear arms, were officers in the War of the Revolution. This important fact demonstrates the careful military training given his sons by Thomas Marshall before 1775 – a period when comparatively few believed that war was probable.

393

This was the common lot; Washington told Congress that, of the thousands of his men at Valley Forge, "few men have more than one shirt, many only the moiety of one and some none at all." (Washington to President of Congress, Dec. 23, 1777; Writings: Ford, vi, 260.)

394

Slaughter, 107-08.

395

Howe, 266.

396

Slaughter, 108.

397

Weedon, 134; also, Heitman, 285.

398

Ib.

399

Description of Marshall at Valley Forge by eye-witness, in North American Review (1828), xxvi, 8.

400

Ninth Virginia. (Heitman, 72.)

401

North American Review (1828), xxvi, 8.

402

Weedon, Feb. 8, 1778, 226-27. Washington took the severest measures to keep officers from associating with private soldiers.

403

Ib., 227-28.

404

Ib., Jan. 5, 1778; 180.

405

See Washington's affecting appeal to the soldiers at Valley Forge to keep up their spirits and courage. (Weedon, March 1, 1778, 245-46.)

406

Channing, ii, 559.

407

See Rush's anonymous letter to Henry and the correspondence between Henry and Washington concerning the cabal. (Henry, i, 544-51.)

408

Marshall, i, 217.

409

Trevelyan, iv, 301.

410

Ib., 303-04.

411

"The idea that any one Man Alone can save us is too silly for any Body but such weak Men as Duché to harbor for a Moment." (Adams to Rush, Feb. 8, 1778; Old Family Letters, 11; and see Lodge: Washington, i, 208; also Wallace, chap. ix.)

412

Sparks, 252; and Marshall, i, 218.

413

Washington to President of Congress, Dec. 23, 1777; Writings: Ford, vi, 257-65. And see Washington's comprehensive plans for the reorganization of the entire military service. (Washington to Committee of Congress, Jan. 28, 1778; ib., 300-51.)

414

Hist. Mag., v, 131.

415

On April 10, 1778, Ædanus Burke of South Carolina broke a quorum and defied Congress. (Secret Journals of Congress, April 10, 11, 24, 25, 1778, i, 62; and see Hatch, 21.)

416

Trevelyan, iv, 291-92.

417

Washington to Harrison, Dec. 18, 1778; Writings: Ford, vii, СКАЧАТЬ