Hans Memling. Alfred Michiels

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      Where was Memling buried? Probably at Saint Donat Church, like Jan Van Eyck. But his tomb has disappeared, like that of the great inventor. Should one rue this, should one complain? What do the honours that nations later bestow on the dead matter, not because they love and revere the genius, but to satisfy their own love and to serve their own snobbery? One wants to be able to cite one’s illustrious compatriots; each nation is proud of these once forgotten or scorned glories, as if he himself had the right to their crown of thorns. And often the great man’s contemporaries did not condescend to salute the man, or mark him with a headstone that would always be with him! In doing this, after such a long series of injustices, what is the result? Onlookers come to look unenthusiastically at this famous tomb, saying a few words, while the attendant utters the deceased’s story, exploiting his misfortunes, then moving on to admire some other simple product or listening to other nonsense. Better to be forgotten, to enjoy the solitude and the majesty of eternal peace! Although he enriched the town of Bruges greatly, bringing it towards glory, Memling’s departure was inevitable. Neither political power nor his artistic significance had a chance. Dying relatively young, Memling left in the strength of his youth, in the radiance of this town that he cherished so much, Bruges, still magnificent today.

      It is always a big advantage for an artist or author not to be known to people too early or too late. The role of the initiator is no doubt glorious, but it is at the same time full of perils and uncertainties: all pioneers of progress do not have, like the Van Eycks, a supreme and triumphant genius that overturns obstacles and achieves the most brilliant results. Many merely open the door, and lose their lives, and their ungrateful efforts are soon forgotten. To be known too late exposes another drawback, that of finding a dusty road full of travellers: more dew, more corolla on the edges, more morning songs in the branches. Those who leave, on the other hand, at an opportune hour avoid all these difficulties, avoid the rush, or, in other words, they leave protecting their savings and avoiding the extreme weariness and crush of the crowd. Guaranteed an exit, they can think only of their work itself, of the charm of the subject, of the beauty of form; they can push the perfection of their work further, uniting grace and pureness, strength and delicacy.

      Memling obtained this precious favour in all its splendour. When he drew his first sketches, the Van Eycks and Rogier Van der Weyden, Jean’s beloved disciple, Dierick Bouts (circa 1415–1475), Hugo Van der Goes and Marmion had resolved the most difficult problems in painting, and had created a new style.

      Domenico Ghirlandaio, Portrait of an Old Man and a Young Boy, c. 1480. Tempera on poplar, 62 × 46 cm. Musée du Louvre, Paris.

      Hans Memling, A Young Man at Prayer, c. 1475. Oil on oak panel, 39 × 25.4 cm. The National Gallery, London.

      Hans Memling, The Donor Benedetto Portinari (right shutter of the Benedetto Portinari Triptych), 1487. Oil on wood, 45 × 34 cm. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence.

      Hans Memling, Portrait of an Old Man, c. 1470–1472. Oil on wood, 36.1 × 29.4 cm. Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Berlin.

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      Примечания

      1

      Hitherto known as Memmelinck, Hemling, Van Memmelinghe.

      2

      He names him simply Memmelinck de Bruges, without stating his place of birth.

      3

      The forms Hans and Hansken can be found in the archives of the guild of Saint-Luc, in Antwerp; neither can be found in those of Bruges.

      4

      “Den duytschen Hans.” Nieu Tractaet… van dat edel Graefscap van Vlaenderen (Ghent, 1562). The author uses the s

Примечания

1

Hitherto known as Memmelinck, Hemling, Van Memmelinghe.

2

He names him simply Memmelinck de Bruges, without stating his place of birth.

3

The forms Hans and Hansken can be found in the archives of the guild of Saint-Luc, in Antwerp; neither can be found in those of Bruges.

4

“Den duytschen Hans.” Nieu Tractaet… van dat edel Graefscap van Vlaenderen (Ghent, 1562). The author uses the same expression in his Historie van Belgis.

5

“A ce Rogier succéda en renom son disciple et apprenti Hausse, qui fit un tableau excellent pour les Portionnaires, que du présent tient le duc de Florence.” (“Rogier’s fame surpassed that of his disciple and apprentice Hausse, who did an excellent painting for the Portionnaires, which at present belongs to the Duke of Florence.”) Guichardin, p.150.

6

Ausse, instead of Ansse, must have originally been a printing fault that Guichardin reproduced; the Italian composers went on to write a “u” in the place of an “n”, a mistake frequently made in all other countries.

7

“Ung petit tableau d’ung Dieu de pityé estant ès bras de Nostre-Dame; ayant deux feullets, dans chacun desquels y a un ange, et dessus les dits feuillets y a une Annunciade de blanc et de noir. Fait le tableau de la main de Rogier et les dits feuillets de celle de maître Hans.” (“A small painting of a God of Mercy in the arms of Our Lady; with two leaves, an angel on each, and above the two leaves an Annunciate of white and black. The painting made by the hand of Rogier and the two leaves by that of the master Hans”) (Inventaire de Marguerite d’Autriche, put together 1516). The inventory of 1533 tells us that one of the angels held “une espée en sa main” (“a sword in his hand”).

8

MM. Crowe and Cavalcaselle are sceptical about the anonymous note regarding the portrait of Isabelle, because, they say, Rogier Van der Weyden was then more famous, and the master would have been employed rather than the disciple. The motif contains nothing conclusive. Philippe the Good and Isabelle could easily have taken such an interest in a talented young man with a promising future. And do not whim, favour and curiosity play a part in the work СКАЧАТЬ