The Church of Grasmere: A History. Armitt Mary L.

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СКАЧАТЬ were held on Palm Sunday, Good Friday, as well as Easter Day. All parishioners – to judge from the rector's careful record – must at this season have communicated; but at the celebrations of Whitweek and Christmas (for there was none at Michaelmas) the numbers were much lower. (Rector's Book of Clayworth).

41

We have no evidence of this to show for Grasmere Church. But in 1622 "Sir" Richard Pearson, curate of Troutbeck, was empowered by the rector of Windermere to publicly revoke the sentence of excommunication under which one Adam Birkhead lay. An edict was issued from the registry of the Archdeaconry of Richmondshire as late as 1715, citing a form of penance to be gone through by George Birkett, who before the congregation of Troutbeck, and in "penitential habit," was to confess his grievous sin of incest with his deceased wife's sister. An additional note, however, empowered Mr. Barton, rector of Windermere, and Mr. Grisedale, curate, to use their discretion as to the manner of confession, and to allow the sinner, if properly penitent, to make it "in his Ordinary apparell" (Browne MSS.). It may have been the dislike of public penance, with its peculiar habit, that caused the churchwardens of Grasmere so often, and so incorrectly, to return a clean bill of morality in their Presentments.

42

Wills and Inventories of the Archdeaconry of Richmondshire (Rev. J. Raine). The privilege of probate was withdrawn finally from ecclesiastical courts by Act of 1857 (Dr. Cox's History of Parish Registers).

43

Public Record Office Court Roll 207/122.

44

Browne MSS.

45

Rydal Hall MSS.

46

Rydal Hall MSS.

47

Public Record Office Court Roll 207/111.

48

Church inquisition post mortem, Henry VI., No. 36.

49

See Coulton's Chaucer and his England, where miracle-plays and dances are added to the list.

50

Calendar Patent Rolls, 4 Richard II., p. 1.

51

Browne MSS.

52

Rydal Hall MSS.

53

Rydal Hall MSS.

54

Annales Caermoelensis.

55

From Mr. George Browne, one of the Twenty-four.

56

At Holme Cultram, Cumberland, a like body – chosen, however, by the people themselves – were responsible for the care of the bridges and common wood, besides providing for the upkeep of the sea-dyke. See "The Sixteen Men of Holme Cultram," Transactions, Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian Society, N.S., 3. The Eighteen of Aston, Oxfordshire, were found in 1583 to have control over the common field and meadow, with the yearly allotments made within them. See "Survival of Archaic Communities," Prof. F. W. Maitland (Law Quarterly Review, vol. 9). Prof. Maitland regards the existence of this body as an exceptional case, and thinks it dangerous to assume it to have been a survival of ancient times. Mr. G. G. Coulton in Chaucer and his England considers that the Black Death of 1348-9 and the consequent diminution of the clergy may have thrown the people on their own resources, and caused the lay control over parish finances which appears to have dated (he says) from the fifteenth century.

57

Calendar of Papal Registers, vol. ii., p. 294.

58

Tax. Eccle. P. Nicholai, iv.

59

Lancashire Pipe Rolls, Mr. W. Farrer.

60

Lancashire Inquests, etc., ed. by Mr. Farrer.

61

Calendar Patent Rolls, 8 Edw. III. and 14 Edw. III., pt. 3, mem. 11.

62

Calendar Patent Rolls, 8 Edw. III. There was a question of a marriage between his daughter Mary and the king's brother.

63

Calendar Patent Rolls, 8 Edw. III.

64

Calendar Patent Rolls, 13 Edw. III.

65

Calendar Patent Rolls.

66

Calendar Patent Rolls, 17 Edw. III.

67

Calendar Patent Rolls, 17 Edw. III.

68

Calendar of Close Rolls.

69

Calendar Patent Rolls and Close Rolls, 22 Edw. III.

70

Rymer's Foedera, Dic. of Nat. Biography. "Proof that Ingelram Earl of Bedford was son of Ingelram brother of William, who was son of William de Coucy, Christiana's son, is contained in Inq. p.m., 50 Edw. III. (1) No. 18." Mr. W. Farrer.

71

Calendar Patent Rolls, 5 Rich. II., 9 Rich. II., and 2 Hen. IV., part iv.

72

Inq. p.m. MS. Rawl., B 438, f. 71.

73

Inq. p.m., 14 Hen. VI., No. 36.

74

Calendar Patent Rolls, 1 Edw. IV., pt. 7, mem. 8; and Inq. p.m., 12 Edw. IV., No. 47.

75

Calendar Patent Rolls, 22 Hen. VI.

76

Inq. p.m., 22 Hen. VI., No. 19.

77

Victorian History of Cumberland.

78

Inq. ad quod damnum, 38/6.

79

Calendar Patent Rolls, 30 Edw. I.

80

Calendar Patent Rolls.

81

Calendar Patent Rolls, 17 Hen. VI., p. 1.

82

Calendar Patent Rolls.

83

Sizergh Castle MSS.

84

MS. Dodsworth 28, fol. 78.

85

Calendar of Papal Registers, vol. v., p. 1-4.

86

Dr. Cox, Parish Registers of England, p. 251.

87

In 1383 Richard de Clifford, "king's clerk" was presented to the church of Warton in Kendale, Calendar Patent Rolls.

88

MS. Rawlinson, B. 438, f. 2.

89

Calendar Patent Roll, 20 Edw. III.

90

Calendar Patent Roll, 20 Edw. III.

91

Canon Raine's Notes to Testamenta Eboracensia, Sur. So., vol. 30, p. 68.

92

Min. Acc., Hen. VII., 877.

93

"List of Rydall-Writings." D.F.

94

Lay Subsidy Roll, West, 195/1A, 6 Edw. III.

96

Levens Hall MS.

97

Rydal Hall MS.

98

"List of Rydall-Writings," by D.F., in which he writes the names as Bellowe and Brokylsbee.

99

Rydal Hall MSS. and Tax Eccles. P. Nicholai.

100

Chester Diocesan Register.