The 2002 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point:

       Nevado Ojos del Salado 6,880 m

      Natural resources: copper, timber, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum, hydropower

      Land use: arable land: 3% permanent crops: 0% other: 97% (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land: 18,000 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards: severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis

      Environment - current issues: widespread deforestation and mining threaten natural resources; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Antarctic-Environmental

       Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic

       Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered

       Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea,

       Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

       signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban

      Geography - note: strategic location relative to sea lanes between

       Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake

       Passage); Atacama Desert is one of world's driest regions

      People Chile

      Population: 15,498,930 (July 2002 est.)

      Age structure: 0-14 years: 26.9% (male 2,127,696; female 2,033,201) 15-64 years: 65.6% (male 5,070,476; female 5,103,490) 65 years and over: 7.5% (male 482,846; female 681,221) (2002 est.)

      Population growth rate: 1.09% (2002 est.)

      Birth rate: 16.46 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Death rate: 5.59 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 9.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: 79.62 years (2002 est.) male: Total fertility rate: 2.13 children born/woman (2002 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.19% (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 15,000 (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths: 1,000 (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Chilean(s) adjective: Chilean

      Ethnic groups: white and white-Amerindian 95%, Amerindian 3%, other 2%

      Religions: Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 11%, Jewish NEGL%

      Languages: Spanish

      Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 95.2% male: 95.4% female: 95% (1995 est.)

      Government Chile

      Country name: Republic of Chile conventional short form: Government type: republic

      Capital: Santiago

      Administrative divisions: 13 regions (regiones, singular - region);

       Aisen del General Carlos Ibanez del Campo, Antofagasta, Araucania,

       Atacama, Bio-Bio, Coquimbo, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, Los

       Lagos, Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena, Maule, Region Metropolitana

       (Santiago), Tarapaca, Valparaiso note: the US does not recognize claims

       to Antarctica

      Independence: 18 September 1810 (from Spain)

      National holiday: Independence Day, 18 September (1810)

      Constitution: 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981, amended 30

       July 1989, 1993, and 1997

      Legal system: based on Code of 1857 derived from Spanish law and subsequent codes influenced by French and Austrian law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction note: Chile is in the process of completely overhauling its criminal justice system; a new, US-style adversarial system is being gradually implemented throughout the country

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

      Executive branch: chief of state: President Ricardo LAGOS Escobar (since 11 March 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Ricardo LAGOS Escobar (since 11 March 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president election results: Ricardo LAGOS Escobar elected president; percent of vote - Ricardo LAGOS Escobar 51.32%, Joaquin LAVIN 48.68% elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 12 December 1999, with runoff election held 16 January 2000 (next to be held NA December 2005)

      Legislative branch: bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of the Senate or Senado (49 seats, 38 elected by popular vote, 9 designated members, and 2 former presidents who serve six-year terms and are senators for life); elected members serve eight-year terms (one-half elected every four years) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (120 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) election results: PS 5, PPD 3), UDI 9, RN 7, independents 2; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CPD 63 (PDC 24, PPD 21, PS 11, PRSD 6,), UDI 35, RN 22, independent 1 elections: Senate - last held 16 December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005); Chamber of Deputies - last held 16 December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005)

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are appointed by the president and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates provided by the court itself; the president of the Supreme Court is elected by the 21-member court); Constitutional Tribunal

      Political parties and leaders: Center-Center Union Party or UCCP

       [Francisco Javier ERRAZURIZ]; Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Patricia

       ALYWIN]; Coalition of Parties for Democracy ("Concertacion") or CPD

       - including PDC, PS, PPD, PRSD; Independent Democratic Union or UDI

       [Pablo LONGUEIRA]; National Renewal or RN [Alberto CARDEMIL]; Party for

       Democracy or PPD [Guido GIRARDI]; Radical Social Democratic Party or PRSD

       [Anselmo SULE]; Socialist Party or PS [Ricardo СКАЧАТЬ