The 1992 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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       president, prime minister of the Council of Ministers, two deputy prime

       ministers of the Council of Ministers

       Legislative branch:

       unicameral People's Assembly (Kuvendi Popullor)

       Judicial branch:

       Supreme Court

       Leaders:

       Chief of State:

       President of the Republic Sali BERISHA (since 9 April 1992)

       Head of Government:

       Prime Minister of the Council of Ministers Aleksander MEKSI (since 10 April

       1992)

       Political parties and leaders:

       there are at least 18 political parties; most prominent are the Albanian

       Socialist Party (ASP), Fatos NANO, first secretary; Democratic Party (DP),

       Eduard SELAMI, chairman; Albanian Republican Party (RP), Sabri GODO; Omonia

       (Greek minority party), leader NA (ran in 1992 election as Unity for Human

       Rights Party (UHP)); Social Democratic Party (SDP), Skender GJINUSHI; note -

       in December 1990 then President ALIA allowed new political parties to be

       formed in addition to the then AWP for the first time since 1944

       Suffrage:

       universal and compulsory at age 18

       Elections:

       People's Assembly:

       last held 22 March 1992; results - DP 62.29%, ASP 25.57%, SDP 4.33%, RP

       3.15%, UHP 2.92%, other 1.74%; seats - (140 total) DP 92, ASP 38, SDP 7, RP

       1, UHP 2

       Member of:

       CSCE, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, IMF, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, LORCS, OIC,

       UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO

       Diplomatic representation:

       Minister-Counselor, Charge d'Affaires ad interim (30 April 1991) Sazan Hyda

       BEJO; chancery (temporary) at 320 East 79th Street, New York, NY 10021;

       telephone (212) 249-2059

       US:

       Ambassador (vacant); Embassy at Rruga Labinoti 103, room 2921, Tirane

       (mailing address is APO AE 09624); telephone 355-42-32875; FAX 355-42-32222

      :Albania Government

      Flag: red with a black two-headed eagle in the center

      :Albania Economy

      Overview:

       The Albanian economy, already providing the lowest standard of living in

       Europe, contracted sharply in 1991, with most industries producing at only a

       fraction of past levels and an unemployment rate estimated at 40%. For over

       40 years, the Stalinist-type economy has operated on the principle of

       central planning and state ownership of the means of production. Albania

       began fitful economic reforms during 1991, including the liberalization of

       prices and trade, the privatization of shops and transport, and land reform.

       These reform measures were crippled, however, by the widespread civil

       disorder that accompanied the collapse of the Communist state. Following

       their overwhelming victory in the 22 March 1991 elections, the new

       Democratic government announced a program of shock therapy to stabilize the

       economy and establish a market economy. In an effort to expand international

       ties, Tirane has reestablished diplomatic relations with the former Soviet

       Union and the US and has joined the IMF and World Bank. The Albanians have

       also passed legislation allowing foreign investment. Albania possesses

       considerable mineral resources and, until 1990, was largely self-sufficient

       in food; however, the breakup of cooperative farms in 1991 and general

       economic decline forced Albania to rely on foreign aid to maintain adequate

       supplies. Available statistics on Albanian economic activity are rudimentary

       and subject to an especially wide margin of error.

       GNP:

       purchasing power equivalent - $2.7 billion, per capita $820; real growth

       rate —35% (1991 est.)

       Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       100% (1991 est.)

       Unemployment rate:

       40% (1992 est.)

       Budget:

       revenues $1.1 billion; expenditures $1.4 billion, including capital

       expenditures of $70 million (1991 est.)

       Exports:

       $80 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)

       commodities:

       asphalt, petroleum products, metals and metallic ores, electricity, crude

       oil, vegetables, fruits, tobacco

       partners:

       Italy, Yugoslavia, Germany, Greece, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania,

       Bulgaria, Hungary

       Imports:

       $147 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)

       commodities:

       machinery, machine tools, iron and steel products, textiles, chemicals,

       pharmaceuticals

       partners:

       Italy, Yugoslavia, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland, Hungary,

       Bulgaria

       External debt:

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