Mechanical and Dynamic Properties of Biocomposites. Группа авторов

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СКАЧАТЬ Hand lay‐up Banana/Kenaf Polyester Hydraulic compression molding process Banana/sisal Polyester Hand lay‐up method followed by compression molding Glass/palmyra Polyester Hydraulic compression molding process Jute/glass Polyester Hand lay‐up Roselle/sisal Polyester Hand lay/up technique Silk/sisal Polyester Hand lay‐up technique Banana/sisal Epoxy Hydraulic compression molding process Glass/glass Epoxy HY95 I hardener Hand lay‐up technique Carbon/glass Epoxy HY225 Hardener Hand lay‐up technique Oil palm/jute Epoxy Hardener Compression molding process Chicken feather/glass Epoxy n‐tert‐Butyl peroxybenzoate Hot press Basalt/Hemp Polypropylene Hot pressing Flax, Hemp, and jute Polypropylene Hydraulic press Flax/wood fiber HDPE Twin screw extrusion Banana/glass Polypropylene Twin screw extrusion Cork/coconut HDPE Screw extrusion and compression molding Kenaf/pineapple HDPE Mixing and compression molding Bamboo/glass Polypropylene Injection molding Cordenka/jute Polypropylene Injection molding Bamboo/cellulose Poly lactic acid Injection molding OPEFB/glass Vinyl ester Resin transfer molding Aramid/sisal Phenolic Stirring, drying, compression

      HDPE, high‐density polyethylene; MEKP, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide; and OPEFB, oil palm empty fruit punch.

Table 1.4 Benefits and drawbacks of natural FRP hybrid composites.

      Source: Modified from Pickering et al. [5]. © 2014, SAGE Publications.

Benefits

Drawbacks

Renewable source of fibers/matrices and sustainabilityLow danger/risk during manufacturing processesLow density, stiffness, and high specific strengthLow process/production energy and environmental friendlinessLower production cost when compared with synthetic fibers, such as carbon and glassLow release of harmful fumes when heating and during end of life process (incineration)Lower abrasive attack on processing tools, when compared with synthetic FRP compositesPossibility of predicting better balanced mechanical behaviors, such as toughness

Lower responses, especially impact strength in comparison with the synthetic FRP compositesHigher variability of behaviors, due to discrepancies in sources and qualitiesLower durability in comparison with synthetic FRP composites. However, it can be enhanced significantly using treatmentsPoor fiber orientation and/or layer stacking sequence, causing weak fiber–matrix interfacial adhesionHigh water/moisture absorption, consequently causes swelling effectLower processing parameters, such as degradability temperatures. Hence, it causes limiting matrix and fiber options and structural applications

1.3 Hybrid Natural Fiber‐Reinforced Polymeric Biocomposites

Fiber hybridization could offer a further alternative in composites. Hybrid composites are derived by a combination of two or more various fiber types in a common matrix [10]. The fibers can be arranged in different layer pattern/orientations and stacking sequences. Figure 1.2 presents some common arrangements (layering patterns) of natural FRP hybrid composites. This introduces wider spread in their properties than in the regular composite materials, which comprises only one kind of reinforcement. It also enables manufacturing engineers to channel the properties of the composite to the required structural properties. This can possibly be achieved once the hybrid composite behavior can be predicted from the constituent composites.

Operationally, producing hybrid natural FRP composites suggests an intermediate intervention to reduce the negative environmental impact of glass and carbon (synthetic) fibers on the environment, by partially replacing the glass СКАЧАТЬ