Draw Manga. Tom Carpenter
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Название: Draw Manga
Автор: Tom Carpenter
Издательство: Ingram
Жанр: Кулинария
isbn: 9781607657590
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Power. You should never run more than one tool at a time (except a tool and a shop vac or dust collector). Nevertheless, you’ll need several accessible outlets.
Light. Adequate light is essential for doing careful, comfortable, accurate and safe work. You’ll need good overall light (a combination of natural and artificial light sources is best) as well some movable task lighting.
Ventilation/climate control. To help exhaust dust and fumes, you need a source of fresh air and dust collection. Depending on where you live, year-round shop use likely will require a means of heating and/or cooling the shop as well as controlling humidity.
Isolation. Keep the inevitable intrusions of noise and dirt into the rest of the home to a minimum.
The Basement Shop
The basement offers many advantages as a shop location. It’s accessible yet set off from the rest of the house, and the essential house systems are right there. Drawbacks tend to be limited headroom, negligible natural light, concrete floors and overall dampness/poor ventilation.
The Garage Shop
The garage, especially one attached to the house, offers the convenience of a basement shop with fewer drawbacks. Overhead doors provide excellent access, greater headroom, lower humidity and better ventilation. The main general drawback is that garages are usually home to one or more vehicles and a host of other outdoor items. A good solution is to mount your stationary tools on casters so they can be wheeled out of the way to make room for other things.
TIPS FOR SUPPLYING POWER & LIGHT
Mount a power strip to the base of your workbench, assembly table or workstation where you’ll be using more than one power tool. Retractable extension cords provide an additional power supply and can be hung from the ceiling to stay out of your way when not in use.
An articulated desk lamp provides focused task lighting that’s easy to move wherever it’s needed in your shop. Incandescent lighting is the best choice for task lights that are used frequently.
Calculate your power load
A tool’s power requirements should be listed on a plate on the motor housing.
Add up the total wattage (amperage times voltage) of each tool and light on a circuit. Note: Use the wattage listed on incandescent bulbs. The wattage requirements for fluorescents needs to be increased 20% to account for the lamp ballast load. Generally, the maximum load for a 15-amp circuit using either 14-gauge or 12-gauge wire should be under 1,500 watts. A 20-amp, 12-gauge circuit should not carry more than 2,000 watts of load. Include every item in the circuit that draws power, whether you plan to run them at the same time or not. If your total wattage exceeds the ratings of the circuit supplying your shop, add an additional circuit or two.
Power & Lighting
Nearly every potential shop space will need electrical improvements. You may not need to go to pro-shop extremes, where each tool has a dedicated circuit. But avoid putting larger stationary tools (especially dust collectors) on a shared circuit. Since many larger stationary tools run on 230-volt service, it’s not a bad idea to run a 230-volt circuit for future use if you’re already updating the wiring.
There is a limit to the number of receptacles or fixtures you can hang on a circuit. A good rule of thumb is 8 to 10 lights or outlets per circuit. Rules and regulations are outlined in the National Electrical Code (NEC), but you should also consult your local city or county codes. Unless you have experience wiring, hire a licensed electrician for the job.
The best lighting for the shop is a balance of natural and artificial light and a balance of overall light and task light. Unfortunately, natural light is often hard to come by; many shops simply don’t have windows. One way to compensate for poor lighting is simply to do some basic cleanup and some painting with a light color. The walls and ceiling are the primary reflective surfaces, but a floor covered with light-colored enamel paint or vinyl tile will also make a big difference.
At minimum, you should have 20 foot-candles of lighting at floor level, throughout the shop: figure on providing at least one-half watt of fluorescent light or 2 watts of incandescent light for each square foot of shop floor (fluorescent lights are four to six times more efficient than incandescent and cast more uniform, shadow-free light). You’ll also need task lighting.
Wiring tips
∎ Separate lighting circuits from receptacle circuits. If you trip a breaker with a power tool, you don’t want to be left in the dark.
∎ Provide full power to a centrally located workbench through a floor-mounted receptacle or via a retractable cord suspended from the ceiling.
∎ Alternate the circuits from receptacle to receptacle. Or, wire each outlet of a duplex receptacle to a different circuit. That way, if you plug a power tool into one outlet and a shop vac into the other, then run both simultaneously, you’ll be drawing power from two circuits, rather than one.
∎ Ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) are required in garages, unfinished basements, outdoors, and locations near water.
An elaborate dust collection system is the hallmark of a serious woodworker. In this shop, each stationary tool has a dedicated hose and port that tie into the central vacuum ductwork.
Ventilation, Dust Collection & Climate Control
Ventilation. In any shop, ventilation can be problematic. The air fills with fine sawdust particles or finishing fumes very quickly. Airflow—all it takes is a window or attic fan—can clear the air, but if it carries the dust and stink into the living areas, or pulls cold air into the heated space, it isn’t a remedy. An ambient air filtration system that circulates air though filters may be your best solution.
Dust collection. Accumulating sawdust is the bane of the woodworker. It conceals cutting lines, plugs up tools and presents several dangers to your safety. That’s why setting up a system to remove as much sawdust as possible at the source is so critical.
Climate control. Heating a shop is important not simply for your personal comfort. Some woodworking operations—gluing and finishing are examples—are sensitive to temperature. A wide range of heating systems are available: central systems, radiant panels, in-wall space heaters, and portable space heaters fueled by wood, oil, gas, propane, kerosene, and electric, even coal and pellets. Avoid open-coil СКАЧАТЬ