Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns. Thomas N. Bulkowski

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СКАЧАТЬ read downward breakouts in a similar manner. Almost a quarter of the patterns (23%) saw price drop no more than 5%. Half (59%) didn't see price drop more than 15%.

      Table 10.4 shows breakout‐related statistics.

Breakout direction. Price breaks out of the pattern upward almost twice as often as downward.

      Yearly position, performance. I sorted the breakout price into one of three buckets, each a third of the yearly high–low range. Then I checked performance for patterns in those three buckets. The table shows that there's not a big performance difference for upward breakouts. Clearly, though, you'll want to avoid trading patterns within a third of the yearly high (price rises 41%).

      Downward breakouts also show those near the yearly high underperforming those in the other two buckets. It suggests people should avoid momentum trading this chart pattern and focus on bottom fishing for candidates.

      Throwbacks and pullbacks. Throwbacks and pullbacks occur almost two‐thirds of the time, and it takes stocks less than 2 weeks to return to the breakout price.

      I didn't see any significant performance difference for patterns with and without throwbacks or pullbacks. With other chart patterns, if a throwback or pullback occurs, performance suffers (on average).

      Price resumes the upward move 71% of the time (which is quite good) and the downtrend 55% of the time (which needs improvement, but it's not bad).

      Gaps. Most of the time (for other chart patterns), breakout day gaps help performance but we see that behavior in this pattern only after a downward breakout.

      The rumors you've heard are true: Table 10.5 shows size‐related statistics.

Height. Tall patterns perform substantially better than short ones. How do you use this result? Compute the pattern's height from the price of the top trendline to the last touch of the lower trendline (the lowest low in the pattern). Divide the difference by the breakout price. If the result is above the median shown in the table, then you have a tall pattern; below the median means it is a short one. Invest only in tall patterns unless you feel confident of your assessment.

Table 10.5 Size Statistics

Description	Up Breakout	Down Breakout
Tall pattern performance	46%	–18%
Short pattern performance	39%	–13%
Median height as a percentage of breakout price	9.7%	10.4%
Narrow pattern performance	41%	–15%
Wide pattern performance	45%	–16%
Median width	50 days	42 days
Short and narrow performance	40%	–13%
Short and wide performance	37%	–10%
Tall and wide performance	48%	–18%
Tall and narrow performance	43%	–18%

      Width. Wide patterns outperform narrow ones but not by an amount worth telling Mom about. I used the median length to separate narrow patterns from wide ones.

      Height and width combinations. The worst performance comes from patterns that are both short and wide. You will want to avoid those. The best performance happens for patterns both tall and wide. The performance differences are large enough that you should pay attention to them when contemplating a trade.

      Table 10.6 shows volume‐related statistics.

      Volume trend. Volume trends upward most often, but the direction is near random.

      Rising/Falling volume. Broadening patterns with rising volume trend show better performance after the breakout than when volume recedes (as measured from the start to the end of the pattern).

      Breakout volume. Technical analysts seem to place a lot of emphasis on heavy breakout volume, but as the table shows, the results I found are not statistically significant (for heavy or light breakout volume versus performance).

      Table 10.7 shows how often price reaches a stop location. I split the pattern in half (I sedated it ahead of time) and checked how often price returned to the various parts on the journey from the breakout to the ultimate high or low.

Table 10.6 Volume Statistics

Description	Up Breakout	Down Breakout
Volume trend	58% up	53% up
Rising volume trend performance	45%	–16%
Falling volume trend performance	39%	–14%
Heavy breakout volume performance	43%	–15%
Light breakout volume performance	42%	–16%

Table 10.7 How Often Stops Hit

Description	Up Breakout	Down Breakout
Pattern top	78%	2%
Middle	26%	17%
Pattern bottom	5%	74%

For example, broadening patterns with upward breakouts saw price return to the top of the pattern 78% of the time. It suggests you don't want to place a stop‐loss order there. If you stick the stop order at the bottom of the pattern, it'll avoid being hit 95% of the time, but the resulting loss may be higher than you can tolerate. So do check both the position of the stop and the size of the loss should the stop trigger. A volatility stop may be just СКАЧАТЬ