The 1996 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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СКАЧАТЬ Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia

      Flag——

      Description: red with a white serrated band (eight white points)

       on the hoist side

      Geography————

      Location: Middle East, archipelago in the Persian Gulf, east of

       Saudi Arabia

      Geographic coordinates: 26 00 N, 50 33 E

      Map references: Middle East

      Area:

       total area: 620 sq km

       land area: 620 sq km

       comparative area: 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: 0 km

      Coastline: 161 km

      Maritime claims:

       contiguous zone: 24 nm

       continental shelf: extending to boundaries to be determined

       territorial sea: 12 nm

      International disputes: territorial dispute with Qatar over the

       Hawar Islands; maritime boundary with Qatar

      Climate: arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

      Terrain: mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central

       escarpment

       lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m

       highest point: Jabal ad Dukhan 122 m

      Natural resources: oil, associated and nonassociated natural gas,

       fish

      Land use:

       arable land: 2%

       permanent crops: 2%

       meadows and pastures: 6%

       forest and woodland: 0%

       other: 90%

      Irrigated land: 10 sq km (1989 est.)

      Environment:

       current issues: desertification resulting from the degradation of

       limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal

       degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation)

       resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers,

       oil refineries, and distribution stations; no natural fresh water

       resources so that groundwater and sea water are the only sources for

       all water needs

       natural hazards: periodic droughts; dust storms

       international agreements: party to - Climate Change, Hazardous

       Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not

       ratified - Biodiversity

      Geographic note: close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf which much of Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean

      People———

      Population: 590,042 (July 1996 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 31% (male 92,455; female 89,554)

       15–64 years: 67% (male 236,048; female 156,556)

       65 years and over: 2% (male 7,956; female 7,473) (July 1996 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.27% (1996 est.)

      Birth rate: 23.58 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Death rate: 3.29 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Net migration rate: 2.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.51 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 1.06 male(s)/female

       all ages: 1.33 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 17.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 74.27 years male: 71.78 years female: 76.83 years (1996 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 3.08 children born/woman (1996 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Bahraini(s) adjective: Bahraini

      Ethnic divisions: Bahraini 63%, Asian 13%, other Arab 10%, Iranian 8%, other 6%

      Religions: Shi'a Muslim 75%, Sunni Muslim 25%

      Languages: Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu

      Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)

       total population: 85.2%

       male: 89.1%

       female: 79.4%

      Government—————

      Name of country: conventional long form: State of Bahrain conventional short form: Bahrain local long form: Dawlat al Bahrayn local short form: Al Bahrayn

      Data code: BA

      Type of government: traditional monarchy

      Capital: Manama

      Administrative divisions: 12 municipalites (manatiq, singular - mintaqah); Al Hadd, Al Manamah, Al Mintaqah al Gharbiyah, Al Mintaqah al Wusta, Al Mintaqah ash Shamaliyah, Al Muharraq, Ar Rifa'wa al Mintaqah al Janubiyah, Jidd Hafs, Madinat Hamad, Madinat 'Isa, Juzur Hawar, Sitrah; note - all municipalities administered from Manama

      Independence: 15 August 1971 (from UK)

      National holiday: Independence Day, 16 December (1971)

      Constitution: 26 May 1973, effective 6 December 1973

      Legal system: based on Islamic law and English common law

      Suffrage: none

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: Amir СКАЧАТЬ