The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ km

      Maritime claims:

      territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: extending to boundaries to be determined

      Climate:

      arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers

      Terrain:

      mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment

      Elevation extremes:

      lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Jabal ad Dukhan 122 m

      Natural resources:

      oil, associated and nonassociated natural gas, fish, pearls

      Land use:

      arable land: 2.82% permanent crops: 5.63% other: 91.55% (2005)

      Irrigated land:

      40 sq km (2003)

      Total renewable water resources:

      0.1 cu km (1997)

      Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):

      total: 0.3 cu km/yr (40%/3%/57%) per capita: 411 cu m/yr (2000)

      Natural hazards:

      periodic droughts; dust storms

      Environment - current issues:

      desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations; lack of freshwater resources (groundwater and seawater are the only sources for all water needs)

      Environment - international agreements:

      party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note:

      close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf, through which much of the Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean

      People

       Bahrain

      Population:

      718,306 note: includes 235,108 non-nationals (July 2008 est.)

      Age structure:

      0–14 years: 26.4% (male 95,709/female 93,747) 15–64 years: 69.8% (male 288,957/female 212,706) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 14,224/female 12,963) (2008 est.)

      Median age:

      total: 29.9 years male: 33 years female: 26.4 years (2008 est.)

      Population growth rate:

      1.337% (2008 est.)

      Birth rate:

      17.26 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)

      Death rate:

      4.29 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)

      Net migration rate:

      0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)

      Sex ratio:

      at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 1.36 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.1 male(s)/female total population: 1.25 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

      total: 15.64 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.27 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

      total population: 74.92 years male: 72.41 years female: 77.5 years (2008 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

      2.53 children born/woman (2008 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

      0.2% (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

      fewer than 600 (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

      fewer than 200 (2003 est.)

      Nationality:

      noun: Bahraini(s) adjective: Bahraini

      Ethnic groups:

      Bahraini 62.4%, non-Bahraini 37.6% (2001 census)

      Religions:

      Muslim (Shia and Sunni) 81.2%, Christian 9%, other 9.8% (2001 census)

      Languages:

      Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu

      Literacy:

      definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 86.5% male: 88.6% female: 83.6% (2001 census)

      School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):

      total: 15 years male: 14 years female: 16 years (2006)

      Education expenditures:

      3.9% of GDP (1991)

      Government

       Bahrain

      Country name:

      conventional long form: Kingdom of Bahrain conventional short form: Bahrain local long form: Mamlakat al Bahrayn local short form: Al Bahrayn former: Dilmun

      Government type:

      constitutional monarchy

      Capital:

      name: Manama geographic coordinates: 26 14 N, 50 34 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

      Administrative divisions:

      5 governorates; Asamah, Janubiyah, Muharraq, Shamaliyah, Wasat note: each governorate administered by an appointed governor

      Independence:

      15 August 1971 (from UK)

      National holiday:

СКАЧАТЬ