The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ (2007)

      Airports - with paved runways:

      total: 52 over 3,047 m: 10 2,438 to 3,047 m: 27 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2007)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

      total: 98 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 26 914 to 1,523 m: 44 under 914 m: 25 (2007)

      Heliports:

      2 (2007)

      Pipelines:

      condensate 1,532 km; gas 13,861 km; liquid petroleum gas 2,408 km; oil 6,878 km (2007)

      Railways:

      total: 3,973 km standard gauge: 2,888 km 1.435-m gauge (283 km electrified) narrow gauge: 1,085 km 1.055-m gauge (2006)

      Roadways:

      total: 108,302 km paved: 76,028 km (includes 645 km of expressways) unpaved: 32,274 km (2004)

      Merchant marine:

      total: 33 by type: bulk carrier 6, cargo 8, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas 9, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 4, roll on/roll off 2 foreign-owned: 18 (Jordan 7, UK 11) (2008)

      Ports and terminals:

      Algiers, Annaba, Arzew, Bejaia, Djendjene, Jijel, Mostaganem, Oran,

       Skikda

      Military

       Algeria

      Military branches:

      National Popular Army (ANP; includes Land Forces), Algerian National

       Navy (MRA), Air Force (QJJ), Territorial Air Defense Force (2005)

      Military service age and obligation:

      19–30 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (6 months basic training, 12 months civil projects) (2006)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 9,736,757 females age 16–49: 9,590,978 (2008 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 8,141,864 females age 16–49: 8,215,895 (2008 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 374,365 female: 360,942 (2008 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      3.3% of GDP (2006)

      Transnational Issues

       Algeria

      Disputes - international:

      Algeria, and many other states, rejects Moroccan administration of Western Sahara; the Polisario Front, exiled in Algeria, represents the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic; Algeria's border with Morocco remains an irritant to bilateral relations, each nation accusing the other of harboring militants and arms smuggling; Algeria remains concerned about armed bandits operating throughout the Sahel who sometimes destabilize southern Algerian towns; dormant disputes include Libyan claims of about 32,000 sq km still reflected on its maps of southeastern Algeria and the FLN's assertions of a claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco

      Refugees and internally displaced persons:

      refugees (country of origin): 90,000 (Western Saharan Sahrawi, mostly living in Algerian-sponsored camps in the southwestern Algerian town of Tindouf) IDPs: undetermined (civil war during 1990s) (2007)

      Trafficking in persons:

      current situation: Algeria is a transit country for men and women trafficked from sub-Saharan Africa to Europe for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and involuntary servitude; Algerian children are trafficked internally for the purpose of domestic servitude or street vending tier rating: Tier 3 - Algeria did not report any serious law enforcement actions to punish traffickers who force women into commercial sexual exploitation or men into involuntary servitude in 2007; the government again reported no investigations of trafficking of children for domestic servitude or improvements in protection services available to victims of trafficking; Algeria still lacks victim protection services, and its failure to distinguish between trafficking and illegal migration may result in the punishment of victims of trafficking (2008)

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

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      @American Samoa

      Introduction

       American Samoa

      Background:

      Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.

      Geography

       American Samoa

      Location:

      Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand

      Geographic coordinates:

      14 20 S, 170 00 W

      Map references:

      Oceania

      Area:

      total: 199 sq km land: 199 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island

      Area - comparative:

      slightly larger than Washington, DC

      Land boundaries:

      0 km

      Coastline:

      116 km

      Maritime claims:

      territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

      Climate:

      tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature variation

      Terrain:

      five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)

      Elevation СКАЧАТЬ