The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ branches:

       Gambian National Army (GNA) (including Naval Unit), Presidential

       Guard

      Military manpower - military age and obligation:

       18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription

       (2001)

      Military manpower - availability:

       males age 15–49: 350,256 (2004 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 176,733 (2004 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $900,000 (2003)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       0.3% (2003)

      Transnational Issues Gambia, The

      Disputes - international:

       attempts to stem refugees, cross-border raids, arms smuggling,

       other illegal activities, and political instability from separatist

       movement in southern Senegal's Casamance region

      This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @Gaza Strip

      Introduction Gaza Strip

      Background:

       The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government

       Arrangements (the DOP), signed in Washington on 13 September 1993,

       provided for a transitional period not exceeding five years of

       Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West

       Bank. Under the DOP, Israel agreed to transfer certain powers and

       responsibilities to the Palestinian Authority, which includes the

       Palestinian Legislative Council elected in January 1996, as part of

       the interim self-governing arrangements in the West Bank and Gaza

       Strip. A transfer of powers and responsibilities for the Gaza Strip

       and Jericho took place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo

       Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area and in additional

       areas of the West Bank pursuant to the Israel-PLO 28 September 1995

       Interim Agreement, the Israel-PLO 15 January 1997 Protocol

       Concerning Redeployment in Hebron, the Israel-PLO 23 October 1998

       Wye River Memorandum, and the 4 September 1999 Sharm el-Sheikh

       Agreement. The DOP provides that Israel will retain responsibility

       during the transitional period for external and internal security

       and for public order of settlements and Israeli citizens. Direct

       negotiations to determine the permanent status of Gaza and West Bank

       that began in September 1999 after a three-year hiatus, were

       derailed by a second intifadah that broke out in September 2000. The

       resulting widespread violence in the West Bank and Gaza Strip,

       Israel's military response, and instability within the Palestinian

       Authority continue to undermine progress toward a permanent

       agreement. Following the death of longtime Palestinian leader Yasir

       ARAFAT in November 2004, the election of his successor Mahmud ABBAS

       in January 2005 could bring a turning point in the conflict.

      Geography Gaza Strip

      Location:

       Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and

       Israel

      Geographic coordinates:

       31 25 N, 34 20 E

      Map references:

       Middle East

      Area:

       total: 360 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

       land: 360 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: total: 62 km border countries: Egypt 11 km, Israel 51 km

      Coastline:

       40 km

      Maritime claims:

       Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the

       Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be

       determined through further negotiation

      Climate:

       temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers

      Terrain:

       flat to rolling, sand- and dune-covered coastal plain

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m

       highest point: Abu 'Awdah (Joz Abu 'Auda) 105 m

      Natural resources:

       arable land, natural gas

      Land use:

       arable land: 28.95%

       permanent crops: 21.05%

       other: 50% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       120 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       droughts

      Environment - current issues: desertification; salination of fresh water; sewage treatment; water-borne disease; soil degradation; depletion and contamination of underground water resources

      Geography СКАЧАТЬ