SwiftUI For Dummies. Wei-Meng Lee
Чтение книги онлайн.
Читать онлайн книгу SwiftUI For Dummies - Wei-Meng Lee страница 12
Название: SwiftUI For Dummies
Автор: Wei-Meng Lee
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Limited
Жанр: Программы
isbn: 9781119652700
isbn:
Automatically previewing your user interface using the canvas
By default, you should see the Inspector window on the right side of the Xcode window. For building your UI using SwiftUI, you usually don’t need the Inspector window, so you can dismiss it to gain more screen estate for previewing your UI using the canvas. To dismiss the Inspector window, click the button on the upper-right corner of Xcode (see Figure 1-8).
FIGURE 1-8: Dismissing the Inspector window.
With the Inspector window dismissed, you should now see the canvas on the right side of Xcode (see Figure 1-9). The canvas lets you preview the UI of your application without needing to run the application on the iPhone Simulator or a real device.
To preview your UI, click the Resume button on the canvas. You should now be able to see the preview (see Figure 1-10).
Now let’s modify the ContentView.swift file with the code that you’ve seen earlier (see Figure 1-11).
You may notice that the automatic preview has paused. This sometimes happen when the file you're previewing has some changes that caused the containing module to be rebuilt. When that happens, click the Restore button, and you should see the preview again (see Figure 1-12).
FIGURE 1-9: The canvas allows you to preview your application without deploying it on the iPhone Simulator or a real device.
FIGURE 1-10: Previewing your app on the canvas.
FIGURE 1-11: Modifying the ContentView.swift file.
FIGURE 1-12: The preview is updated to reflect the changes in the code.
If you change the color of the Text view (within the Button view) to blue, you should see the changes automatically reflected in the preview:
Text("Submit")
.padding(EdgeInsets(
top: 10, leading: 10,
bottom: 10, trailing: 10))
.background(Color.blue)
FIGURE 1-13: Occasionally you have to click the Try Again button to update the preview.
Working with Live Preview
Your code will change the text on the label when the button is clicked (or tapped on a real device). However, if you try clicking the button on the preview canvas, there is no reaction. This is because the preview canvas only allows previewing your UI — it doesn’t run your application. To run the application, you need to click the Live Preview button (see Figure 1-14).
FIGURE 1-14: Clicking the Live Preview button allows you to run your application directly on the canvas.
When the Live Preview mode is turned on, the background of the simulator will turn dark (see the left side of Figure 1-15). You can now click on the button and the text on the label will be updated (see the right side of Figure 1-15).
FIGURE 1-15: Testing your application in Live Preview mode.
Generating different previews
Notice this block of code at the bottom of ContentView.swift?
struct ContentView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
ContentView()
}
}
The ContentView_Previews struct conforms to the PreviewProvider protocol. This protocol produces view previews in Xcode so that you can preview your UI created in SwiftUI without needing to explicitly run the application on the iPhone Simulator or real devices. Essentially, it controls what you see on the preview canvas. As an example, if you want to preview how your UI will look like on an iPhone SE device, you can modify the ContentView_Previews struct as follows (see Figure 1-16):
FIGURE 1-16: Previewing the UI on two iOS devices — the latest iPhone and an iPhone SE.
struct ContentView_Previews: PreviewProvider {