The Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics. Carol A. Chapelle

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СКАЧАТЬ Written and Spoken Business English The Effects of Using English for Business English for Business in the Future References Suggested Readings English for Occupational Purposes Introduction Surveys in English for Occupational Purposes Analyzing Language and Interactions at Work English for Occupational Purposes in Different Workplace Settings The Social Dimension of English for Occupational Purposes Conclusion References English‐Only Movement Historical Background The Rise of the Contemporary English‐Only Movement Propositions 227 and 203 Proposition 58 and the Future References Suggested Readings Epistemology and Ontology Introduction Ontology Within Metaphysics Epistemology Theories of Knowledge in Mainstream and Second Language Research Constructivist Epistemology and Second Language Research Knowledge Knowledge of Second or Foreign Languages and Language Teachers' Knowledge References Ethnography of Communication as a Research Perspective Hymes's Theoretical Model “Doing Ethnography” Conclusion References Suggested Readings Explicit Knowledge and Grammar Explanation in Second Language Instruction What Is Explicit Knowledge? Isolated or Integrated Grammar Instruction? Grammar Explanation Other Ways of Explaining Grammar What to Explain Taking the Learner Into Account Conclusion References Suggested Readings

      13  F First Language Vocabulary Acquisition References Suggested Readings Foreign Accent Why Is a Foreign Accent So Difficult to Overcome? Two Main Linguistic Sources of Foreign Accent: L1 Transfer and Universals Why Are Some Phenomena More Difficult to Learn Than Others? Conclusion References Suggested Readings Form‐Focused Instruction References Suggested Readings Note Formulaic Language and Collocation The Functions of Formulaic Language Acquisition of Formulaic Language Non‐Native Use of Formulaic Language Conclusion References Suggested Readings Note Formulaic Sequences Definition Functions Evidence Theoretical Issues Formulaic Sequences in SLA The Future References Suggested Readings Frame Analysis Bateson's Conception of Frame “Frame,” “Keying,” and “Footing” СКАЧАТЬ