Bureaucracy’s Masters and Minions. Eleanor L. Schiff

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ ection>

      

      Bureaucracy’s Masters

      and Minions

      Bureaucracy’s Masters

      and Minions

      The Politics of Controlling the U.S.

      Bureaucracy

      Eleanor L. Schiff

      LEXINGTON BOOKS

      Lanham • Boulder • New York • London

      Published by Lexington Books

      An imprint of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.

      4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706

       www.rowman.com

      6 Tinworth Street, London SE11 5AL, United Kingdom

      Copyright © 2020 The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review.

      British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available

       Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Available

      ISBN 978-1-4985-9777-7 (cloth : alk. paper)

      ISBN 978-1-4985-9778-4 (electronic)

      

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.

      to Steve, Robert, Josephine, and Grace

      Contents

List of Figures

Preface

1 Bureaucracy as a Whipping Boy for Politicians and Citizens Alike

2 A Survey of Bureaucratic Control Mechanisms

3 The Business of Agency Budgeting: Incrementalism

       4 Reflecting, Refining, and Revising the Principal-Agent Approach: An Agent-Principal Model

       5 Using an Agent-Principal Model to Test Who Controls the U.S. Bureaucracy

       6 Elites’ Influence on Education Policy: Understanding the Dynamics of K-12 Educational Policy Changes

       7 Bureaucratic Control, Intransigence, and Fortitude

       Appendix A: Average Levels of Managers in Bureaus from 2000 to 2014

       Appendix B: Average Levels of Political Appointees in Bureaus from 2000 to 2014

       Appendix C: Average Levels of Policy Work among Bureau Workforce 2000 to 2014

       Bibliography

       Index

       About the Author

List of Figures

Figure 4.1	Agent-Principal Incentives
Figure 4.2	Naïve Hierarchical Models
Figure 4.3	Naïve Heterarchical Models
Figure 4.4	Naïve Hybrid Model
Figure 5.1	Descriptive Statistics
Figure 5.2	Cross-Sectional Time Series Regression Analysis on Political Control
Figure 6.1	Annualized Dynamic Weighted Scores for Education Laws from 1947 to 2012
Figure 6.2	Education Policy Mood
Figure 6.3	Variation in Workforce Composition, Workforce Structure, and Workforce Responsibilities at the U.S. Department of Education from 1988 to 2012
Figure 6.4	Descriptive Statistics
Figure 6.5	ADL Regression Models for Education Policy Dynamics
Figure 6.6	ADL Regression Models with Interactive Effects
Figure 6.7	Effect of a One Unit Change in Managers for Democrats and Republicans Presidential Administrations on Education Policy
Figure 6.8	Effect of a One Unit Change in Policy-Focused work for Democrats and Republicans Presidential Administrations on Education Policy
Figure 6.9	Effect of a One Unit Change in Managers for Democrats and Republican-Controlled House on Education Policy
Figure 6.10	Effect of a One Unit Change in Policy-Focused work for Democrats and Republicans-Controlled House on Education Policy

Preface

      This project is a long culmination of thought and work over many years. At the beginning of my career I did not know, of course, that I would eventually write a book on the U.S. bureaucracy. I had the honor and privilege of working in several governing institutions in Washington, DC. I served for over a year as an aide in Senator Bill Frist’s, MD, office when he was the junior senator from Tennessee, serving alongside Fred Thompson, who had taken Al Gore’s old seat. It was an incredible education. I absorbed the history of the capital with its Minton tiles imported from England at US$2 a piece on the eve of the Civil War. I was a sponge and was always observing everything around me. I saw firsthand how hearings worked, how the senator related to his constituents, how the office was run, how senators spoke to one another on the floor, and how people in power treated СКАЧАТЬ