Biko: A Biography. Xolela Mangcu

Чтение книги онлайн.

СКАЧАТЬ rel="nofollow" href="#ulink_7d9bef98-c54a-5383-a34a-8108b2108fb5">27] Nigel Penn (2005). The Forgotten Frontier (Athens: Ohio University Press), 28.

[28] Penn, The Forgotten Frontier, 113.

[29] Penn, The Forgotten Frontier, 123.

[30] Penn, The Forgotten Frontier, 227.

[31] Mostert, Frontiers, 1992, 480.

[32] Georges Lefebvre (2011). Napoleon (New York: Routledge), 306.

[33] Lefebvre, Napoleon, 307.

[34] Lefebvre, Napoleon, 47.

[35] Lefebvre, Napoleon, 308.

[36] Levine, A Living Man from Africa, 12.

[37] Jeff Peires (1981). The House of Phalo: A History of the Xhosa People in the Days of Their Independence (Johannesburg: Ravan Press), 53.

[38] SEK Mqhayi (2009). Abantu Besizwe: Historical and Biographical Writings, 1902-1944 (Johannesburg: Wits University Press), 286.

[39] Mqhayi is here enunciating the principle and not the reality of usurpation. As stated above, the practice of usurpation was not unheard of among amaXhosa.

[40] Mqhayi, Abantu Besizwe, 312-313.

[41] Mostert, Frontiers, 465.

[42] Mqhayi, Abantu Besizwe, 212.

[43] AC Jordan (1973). Towards an African Literature: The Emergence of Literary Form in South Africa (Los Angeles: University of California Press), 50-51.

[44] Mostert, Frontiers, 480.

[45] Peires, The House of Phalo, 83-84.

[46] Peires, The House of Phalo, 75.

[47] Martin Legassick (2010). The Struggle for the Eastern Cape 1800-1854: Subjugation and the Roots of South African Democracy (Johannesburg: KMM Review Publishers), 8.

[48] A ngcongolo is a reed, which suggests Read may have been a tall man.

[49] Legassick, The Struggle for the Eastern Cape, 25-26.

[50] Legassick, The Struggle for the Eastern Cape, 38.

[51] Levine, A Living Man From Africa, 74.

[52] Legassick, The Struggle for the Eastern Cape, 73.

[53] Legassick, The Struggle for the Eastern Cape, 66.

[54] Interview with Bernard Zylstra, 1977.

[55] Legassick, The Struggle for the Eastern Cape, 90.

[56] Legassick, The Struggle for the Eastern Cape, 101.

[57] Williams, The Journal and Selected Writings of the Reverend Tiyo Soga, 5.

[58] Rubusana, Benson Walter and SC Satyo (2002 [1906]). Zemk’Iinkomo Magwalandini (Cape Town: New Africa Books), 4.

[59] Levine (2010), A Living Man From Africa.

[60] This Uniondale is not to be confused with the one in the Karoo.

[61] Quoted in Mcebisi Ndletyana (2008). African Intellectuals in 19th and Early 20th Century South Africa (Cape Town: HSRC Press), 20.

[62] See Donovan Williams (1978). Umfundisi: A Biography of Tiyo Soga, 1829-1871 (Alice: Lovedale Press).

[63] Tiyo Soga’s reply to Chalmers under the pseudonym Defensor, King William’s Town Gazette and Kaffrarian Banner, 11 May 1865.

[64] John Chalmers (1877). Tiyo Soga: A Page of South African Mission Work (Edinburgh: Andrew Elliott), 430.

[65] Williams, The Journal and Selected Writings of Tiyo Soga, 175.

[66] Biko, I Write What I Like, 113.

[67] David Attwell (2005). Rewriting Modernity: Studies in Black South African Literary History (Scotsville: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press), 46.

[68] Williams, Umfundisi, 125.

[69] Masilela, interview with Sandile Ngidi, 2000.

[70] André Odendaal (1984). Vukani Bantu!: The Beginnings of Black Protest Politics in South Africa to 1912 (Cape Town: David Philip).

[71] Odendaal, Vukani Bantu!, 15.

[72] Sol Plaatje (2007). Native Life in South Africa СКАЧАТЬ