Survival: The Ultimate Mission. Robert M.D. Skaf

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      Initially, those were the topics of the discussion; however, upon realizing that the solar system was not going to last forever, a third part had to be added on. It deals with ways and suggestions in how our species could survive beyond the destruction of the sun.

      BEYOND MATTER

      (We can only begin to understand what it is to be a human by understanding what it is to be a universe. Like it or not, each one of us is destined to be a universe. This seems to be far-fetched until one realizes that to exist, neither the physical nor the invisible universe can allow for any vacuum or stagnation. This is why they keep creating new and parallel universes each and every way they can. We happen to be one of this infinite number of parallel universes already created yet is able on its own to create more parallel and dazzling universes. We will be learning more about our past from what we discover in the future. The visible and invisible universes are governed by the law of continuous creation and continuous transformation which is a never ending journey.)

      We have known for some time that the atom is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons. Scientists believe that electrons are indivisible, whereas protons and neutrons can be divided into quarks and other subatomic particles. This hypothesis seems clear and simple until one wonders whether there are other particles or non-particles that make the rest of the universe. At the present time, the known particles can only account for about 4% of the total mass of the universe (actually, only 1% according to some scientists), but what about the other 96% or so called dark matter? It seems to me that there is a whole world out there that we are yet to discover. For the time being, it appears that this huge percentage of our universe seems to be exclusively made up of an enigmatic matter that is going to remain a mystery for centuries to come if not forever. As a lay person I am tempted to suggest that this huge mass or this infinite universe is made of one single infinite atom which is completely different than anything we know or have encountered thus far. It is a cross between cold energy, sound, sub-particle and particle. This singularity theory is something that has not been discussed, for we are only acquainted with masses made of molecules, particles, sub-particles, atoms and sub-atoms. Cold energy or anti-energy is something that no one has talked about before, either. Yet, as a lowly observer, I cannot help but see cold energy or anti-energy as the only factor that is preventing this huge mass or single atom from imploding onto itself. I am only basing my theory on what scientists have told us. According to them, friction, fusion and fission generate an enormous amount of heat. They have proven it to us on so many occasions to the point where most of us have become aware of this law. Yet, despite having at least 96% of the universe loaded with wimps that are continuously rubbing against each other, and perhaps splitting and fusing, heat is only detected close to stars. It is obvious that the laws of thermodynamics do not apply to the dark matter. Something must be generating an enormous amount of cold energy, cold enough and enormous enough to cool down the visible universe in addition to this huge massive invisible universe that stretches tens if not hundreds of billions of light years and everything in it, except for stars, to temperatures close to absolute zero. It seems that unlike any friction among elements, the one that takes place among scattered particles results in creating such extreme cold energy to the point where the so called wimps are prevented from clumping together. I suppose there are exceptions to every rule. Here on earth, freezing water expands in contrast to every other element. Having free particles generating cold energy through friction in space can be something similar. This is happening despite the fact that the physical universe is generating an enormous amount of heat, not only from all the stars, but even planets. Indeed, without this cold energy, all celestial bodies would be hot regardless of their location. For instance, according to the theory of quantum mechanics, atoms are always on the move and therefore they should be hot as the result of all the friction that is taking place, yet without the energy of a star, they turn extremely cold. If this cold temperature is caused by the interaction of free particles, could it be the result of a mechanism within the universe itself, something like a mysterious force of anti-fusion or anti-splitting? As with other forces like gravity and electro-magnetic, could this force be spawned by the invisible universe itself or is it generated by a parallel universe we are yet to discover? Also what about electricity? Is this dark matter or dark energy able of generating electricity? Also what about gravity and static electricity, how if they were to always exist? One may be tempted to conclude that since static electricity and gravity never cease to exist, the universe would never reach the state of 0 entropy which means it will never come to an end. Suffice to say that this source of anti-energy ought to be at least tens of thousands of time the energy of the entire visible universe if not more. One needs only consider the energy required to run a large freezer to realize how enormous the quantities we are talking about ought to be. This may seem like a paradox until we are willing to consider the possibility of an interaction that could generate cold energy as opposed to heat. Here on earth, certain gases turn extremely cold by compression. This is the process used to cool freezers, air conditions and refrigerators. This dark matter could be something similar. Lately, it has been discovered that in some instances, neutron stars are cooled off million degrees Celsius down by liquefied neutrinos. This is quite astonishing for many reasons. Firstly, the dying star is increasing in mass as it acquires more material; a development which would certainly have a great impact on the final outcome. Secondly, are we to understand that neutrinos do not fuse even at extreme heat? Thirdly, is it safe to conclude that a huge part of the dark universe must be made of particles similar to neutrinos? Compressed, they are cooling everything down. Possibly, an infinite universe could be acting as a huge compressor. A new frontier has been opened, and many more discoveries will be made as a result. On the other side of the equation, some scientists believe that at least half of our universe should be made of antimatter. In theory antimatter should exist for the same reason that every action results in a reaction or a negative charge ought to be balanced by a positive charge. In fact, physicists were able to prove that antimatter does exist; however, they still have no clue about what is the rest of the universe is made of. One would be curious to wonder whether this cold mass is the product resulting from the interaction of matter and anti-matter, or is it something in between. It is apparent that the mass in the infinite space does not behave in the same manner as it does on earth or the visible universe. For instance pockets of the universe could be made of protons or neutrons or quarks or strings or membranes or wimps. One single proton or neutron may be as big as earth itself. In fact, many scientists believe in the singularity of black holes. In that, the force of gravity turns the remnant of the entire collapsing star into a single proton or neutron. Just because we are only familiar with a world that is mostly composed of atoms and molecules does not necessarily mean that the rest of the universe or other universes ought to be the same. Furthermore, who is to say that there are no other particles beside protons and neutrons? In theory, an atom can be endlessly divided. Conversely, the universe or universes can be the host of an infinite numbers of particles or sub particles of which no two may look the same. Interestingly as well, in this context, it would be impossible to determine what they are or how their shape may be; the simple reason being the lack of any instruments which may allow us to do so. Based on this observation, one would be justified to conclude that our chances of pinpointing the primary matter are nil. Furthermore, the fact that this enigmatic matter does exist everywhere in our universe must prove to us that our universe is not surrounded by a vacuum void, but to the contrary, we happen to be part of an infinite universe. Think of it this way: this so called dark matter is so greatly in-cohesive to the point where it can be described as beyond being shattered; yet somehow, it manages to stay around our universe and beyond our universe as a huge mass of fog would or more appropriately as an enormous invisible ooze of unknown matter. Of all matters, it is this invisible entity that has no gravitational force or any force at all, that would be destined to completely disappear in a vacuum void where there are no forces of any sorts to stop its complete dissipation, however, not only does it stay with us, it does make up close to 96% of our universe. Given the fact that this enormous mass of dark matter is scattered among an endless number of universes, one can easily come to the conclusion that our universe is part of an endless universe where matters such as the dark matter are the norm, where all universes are connected by some sort of wimps which mass could be billions if not trillions of times greater than our universe. It is СКАЧАТЬ