So They Say. Robert H. Mounce

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СКАЧАТЬ in Eden free from sin;

      We walked with God and talked with him.

      No joy withheld, one tree denied.

      “No harm can come,” the Temper lied.

      Lost in sin, we wandered in vain,

      Longing for love, to be forgiven again.

      Then, down came the Son from heaven above,

      God’s atonement for sin, the proof of his love.

      “Look up my child, the price it has been paid.

      Come stand by my side while sin ‘s victories fade.

      Your faith is the key to heaven above;

      It’s broken sin’s grip, there is freedom in love.”

      We see your love of beauty in the sunset.

      We feel your awesome power in every storm.

      We’ve heard your voice thru Gospel’s story.

      We’re back in Eden, our eternal home.

      Robert Mounce

      Is faith irrational?

      “The confidence people have in their beliefs is not a measure of the quality of evidence but of the coherence of the story that the mind has managed to construct.” So says the Nobel-winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman. That means people are more, or less, confident in their religious preference (be it Christian, Buddhist, Islamic, or Seventh Day Adventist for that matter) depending on how that belief system fits into an existing mind-set. For example, if you grew up in a highly secularized family you would probably find Christ with his miracles more difficult to accept than Buddha who reportedly possessed superhuman powers but said of miracles, “I dislike, reject and despise them.” It would be more coherent with the story your mind has constructed.

      The problem with this is that it makes belief a rational product. We believe because it seems to fit the larger story that has been put together piece by piece on the basis of coherence. All this seems to be an apple/orange problem. Something is rational if it does not offend what the mind assumes to be an acceptable pattern. If the car won’t start we will have to find some other way to go to the store. It makes sense. It is some how related to the real world as we experience it.

      Belief systems by definition (and here is the orange) lie outside those narrow boundaries. Belief relates to that which offers no quick guarantee of authenticity. We don’t believe, what has always been obvious, we know it. But people do believe (most people, that is) that there is a superhuman being, some force, out there that somehow oversees what we call reality. There is nothing in our tangible world that supplies the necessary coherence that Dr. Kahneman calls for. I am not suggesting that belief is irrational, only that it should not be reduced to some artificial prerequisite that we manufacture. Many years ago a professor of theology, E. J. Carnell, defined faith as “the resting of the mind in the sufficiency of the evidence.” We arrive at a conclusion because the evidence leads us in that direction — although it never fully arrives. So coherence does have a place in belief but is not the sole arbiter of what we should or should not belief.

      Can “force” reveal itself?

      Albert Einstein wrote that if you “try and penetrate with our limited means the secrets of nature . . . you will find that, behind all the discernible concatenations, there remains something subtle, intangible and inexplicable. Veneration for this force beyond anything that we can comprehend is my religion. To that extent I am, in point of fact, religious.”

      The apostle Paul wrote, “Since the creation of the world, God’s invisible qualities — his eternal power and divine nature — have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made” (Rom 1:20).

      Both references are to what theology calls general revelation. While Einstein recognized only the “force” behind nature, Paul correctly identified it [him] as God. Biblical theology teaches that with the coming of Christ, general revelation has been supplemented by special revelation. Through creation God revealed his existence; through Christ he revealed his love. The incarnation is God invading his own creation and through Christ reconciling the world to himself (2 Corinthians 5:19). Nature reveals the “eternal power” and “divine nature” of God; the incarnation is a demonstration of his love. He revealed himself as redemptive love by sending his Son as the necessary sacrifice for sin. A correct translation of the Greek houtos in John 3:16 makes the verse read, “For this is how God loved the world: he gave his one and only Son . . . ” Now that is special!

      Are there mountains too high to climb?

      ”The question isn’t who is going to let me; it’s who is going to stop me.” Sounds like the proud boast of the young bravado about to storm the castle to rescue fair maiden. We admire the dauntless courage of the hero taking on the impossible task, unwilling to be cowered by overwhelming opposition. But the quotation is from Ayn Rand, the Russian/American novelist, play writer, philosopher, best known by most for her novel Atlas Shrugged. Like every pronouncement of this sort, its validity depends on context. Here is one that makes the quotation look really good.

      I know a young man who after several years of substandard grades in college decided he wanted a degree after all. The registrar said, “Take another semester and get your grade average up to B,” not an easy thing to do, given three years of work significantly below that level. He studied diligently and earned almost all A’s, but it still didn’t bring the grade average up to the mark. At this point they wouldn’t “let him,” but could they “stop him?” That was the question. He said No, beat down the doors, pled his cause, got another chance and graduated, not summa cum laude but on the president’s list for his final year. Ayn, you are exactly right — they wouldn’t let him but they couldn’t stop him. And we admire that kind of vigorous approach to life.

      But is the theorem universally applicable? Is it wise, in certain situations, not to challenge opposition? And of course the answer is, “Yes.” Common sense tells us that. In the real world there are “mountains too high to climb” and “oceans too wide to swim.” Speaking to the crowds, Jesus said, “What king marching to war against another king would not first sit down and consider whether with ten thousand men he could stand up to the other who was advancing against him with twenty thousand?” (Luke 14:31)

      So everything depends upon context. The who-can-stop-me mentality is praiseworthy when the goal is worthy (even though it might require enormous personal effort), but foolish when the goal has no particular value. Sometimes the impossible is challenged for nothing more than the supposed approval others. And that’s sad. Personal worth is the result of doing what is worthy, not of conjuring up ways to make others think so. When opposition is faced, it is wise to consider not only the cost but also the importance of that which is pursued. Don Quixote’s quest to revive chivalry was romantic, but Sancho Panza, his squire had a better grip on reality.

      Progress versus expansion

      I know it’s not fair to pick on an idea that is down and out (theoretically, that is), but there is one organizational system that keeps expanding anyway — bureaucracy. Talk about resiliency: Einstein calls it “the death of all sound work,” Chris Salcedo defines it as “the art of making the possible impossible,” and it’s portrayed as a new game sweeping the country in which everyone stands in a circle and the first person to do anything СКАЧАТЬ