Hildegard von Bingen - The Healing Power of her Symbols. Traude Bollig

Чтение книги онлайн.

      Life and work of Hildegard von Bingen

      Hildegard von Bingen is one of the most significant and important personalities of the medieval times in Europe. It is thus not astonishing that the work of this great mystic, natural researcher and medical practitioner is today again gaining in importance, since we are living in a time where holistic thinking has become more necessary than ever before.

      Childhood and youth

      Hildegard was born in 1098 in the town of Bermersheim in Rhine-Hesse. She was the tenth child of the nobleman Hildebert and his wife Mechthild. Those were moving times during which the crusades kept the world on tenterhooks, and state and church fought fierce battles of power. But the surroundings of Hildegard remained largely untouched by this. As a daughter of noble parents she grew up well protected. Before her birth already, the parents had decided that this child would be dedicated to God as a tithe and would thus be sent to an abbey, as was usually done during her times. At the tender age of eight years Hildegard thus moved to the sixteen-year-old Jutta von Sponheim into a women’s hermitage that was linked to the Benedictine monastery on the mountain Disibodenberg near Bingen. The hermitage had but one small window towards the monastery’s church and a barred window to the outside world. It was surrounded by a small garden that was to contribute to maintaining the good health of the women. Here Hildegard learnt reading and writing. And here the foundation of her knowledge of nature and its healing powers was laid. With the acquisition of this knowledge she followed the customary path of her times, because knowledge of medicinal plants, as well as the preparation of ointments and medicines were the “tasks of a woman” in medieval times. In 1114 Hildegard took the veil and started her life as Benedictine sun.

      Visions and writings

      Hildegard’s special gift became evident from an early age onward: a visionary ability that she herself referred to as “seeing”. Retrospectively she describes how she as a child saw a great light that let her “soul shiver”, but because she was still so young, she could not put this experience into words. As a child she generally still spoke very openly about her ability of “seeing”. For example, at the age of five she predicted the exact appearance and patterning of the skin of a still unborn calf. However, as Hildegard grew older she increasingly kept such statements to herself. Only at the age of twenty-four, when the visions became stronger and more pressing and after she had been severely ill, she interpreted this “seeing” as God-given and, with the support of Monk Volmar and Abbot Kuno, she commenced her first work.

      In Scivias (Know the paths) the background and dimensions of creation are portrayed in a spectacular manner. In 1151 she completed this work. Even during its creation Scivias found great recognition by spiritual dignitaries, including the pope of the times, Pope Eugene III., and the holy Bernhard de Clairvaux. As prophetissa teutonica Hildegard was honoured and respected throughout Europe.

      In the years 1150 to 1160 she wrote no new visionary works. But Hildegard recorded her entire knowledge of plants, animals and medicinal remedies. She wrote books on natural science (Physica) and medicine (Causae et curae). These contain descriptions of plants, animals, stones and metals, but Hildegard also pointed out what natural healing powers they contain for man. At all times she maintained a clearly holistic perspective of creation. Books such as these led to Hildegard being referred to as “doctor” and to date she is still often chosen as patron saint of hospitals.

      In 1158 Hildegard began working on her second visionary writing Liber vita meritorum (Book of Merits of Life). This is a book on ethics, covering various topics: marriage, family, living together as human beings, nature and science. Here we encounter the topics of “virtues and vices” that we mentioned before. Since freedom is part of the very being of humankind, God has given us an order of virtues to keep creation and to give us guidance in the world. This order has as its basis “the deeply physiological insight that the very same fundamental powers and needs continue to exist and are able to uphold or destroy the inner fundamental needs.”³ By defining these needs as “unhealthy or healing patterns of life” we emphasise their relevance in our times. The fundamental needs have not changed since then.

      After Hildegard had completed this work, she wrote De operatione Dei (Book of God’s Works) between 1163 and 1173 on the basis of yet another vision. It describes the history of salvation from genesis to apocalypse. At the centre is man, whom God has given the responsibility for nature. Cosmos and nature serve man and man in turn serves God, together with the cosmos and nature. By seeing God’s work in everything and in every one of his creations, man can work towards the final order and can thus become co-creator.

      Music